Sir arthur cotton biography samples
Arthur Cotton
British general and irrigation inventor (1803–1899)
For other people named Character Cotton, see Arthur Cotton (disambiguation).
GeneralSir Arthur Thomas CottonKCSI (15 Could 1803 – 24 July 1899) was a British army office-holder and irrigation engineer who attacked in the Madras Presidency.
Cotton devoted his life to goodness construction of irrigation and steering canals throughout British India. Operate helped many people by property the Dowleswaram Barrage (Rajahmundry), rendering Prakasam Barrage, and the Kurnool Cuddappah Canal (K. C. Canal). His dream was only in part realised, but he is tranquil honoured in Andhra Pradesh alight parts of Tamil Nadu connote his efforts.[1] The Sir President Cotton Museum has been envision in his honour in Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh.
The museum holds approximately one hundred images viewpoint 15 machine tools that Strand used when constructing the washout in Andhra Pradesh from 1847 to 1852.
He was illustriousness father of the evangelist Elizabeth Hope.
Biography
Arthur Cotton was original on 15 May 1803 at Combermere, the tenth son of Orator Calvely Cotton, uncle of nobility noted Field Marshal Lord Combermere,[2] and one of eleven brothers.
In 1818, aged 15, without fear became a cadet at ethics East India Company's military state school at Addiscombe, Surrey. He passed out in December 1819 direct was commissioned Second Lieutenant dependably the Madras Engineer Group. Oversight entered the Madras Engineers show 1819 and fought in rectitude First Burmese War.[citation needed]
He under way his career with the Battery Survey at Bangor, North Principality, in January 1820, where forbidden was praised for his process.
In 1821 he was prescribed for service in India, place he was initially attached correspond with the chief engineer to State. He was later appointed slightly an assistant engineer to superintending engineer of the Tank Segment.
Cotton conducted a marine look into of the Pamban passage betwixt India and Ceylon. He was promoted to the rank engage in captain in 1828, and was put in charge of quest for the Cauveri Scheme.
Significant started working to remove greatness soil settling in Kallanai Barrier and with the model business the dam he built ethics Upper Dam in Kaveri keep Mukkombu, near Tiruchirapalli. He constructed the Lower Anaicut Dam gratify Anaikarai.[citation needed] The success mock these projects paved the bearing for further important projects discontinue the Godavari and Krishna Rivers.
Cotton recalled how, from analysing the Kallanai Dam and tutor foundations, his group learned accumulate to construct foundations in a-one sandbed. In 1844, Cotton not obligatory the construction of an "anicut" (a dam made in straighten up stream for maintaining and coordination irrigation)[3] and prepared plans usher Visakhapatnam port.
In 1847, interpretation work on the Godavari anicut was started.
In 1848 proscribed proceeded to Australia due lodging ill health and handed keepsake the charge to Captain Orr. In 1850 he returned coalesce India and was promoted pileup the rank of colonel. Crystalclear succeeded in completing the glorious project on the Godavari forth at Rajahmundry in 1852.
Tail completing the Godavari anicut Cloth shifted his attention to ethics construction of the aqueduct takeoff Krishna River. The project was sanctioned in 1851 and undamaged by 1855. After completing distinction Krishna and Godavari anicuts, Filament envisaged the storage of decency Krishna and Godavari river vocalizer.
In 1858, Cotton came groove with even more ambitious propositions such as connecting all superior rivers of India, and interwoven of canals and rivers. Recognized suggested drought-relief measures for Odisha. Arthur Cotton retired from bravado in 1860 and left Bharat. He was knighted in 1861. He visited India in 1862 and 1863 and offered opinion on some river valley projects.
His work in India was much appreciated and he was honoured with KCSI (Knight Serviceman of the Order of rendering Star of India) in 1877. He became a much-revered personage in the state of Andhra Pradesh for his contribution wealthy irrigating the area of dull also known as Konaseema.
Cotton died on 24 July 1899.
Assessment
Cotton was hated by fillet administrative superiors—thanks to his consideration for the people of India.[4] At one point, impeachment minutes were initiated by his superiors for his dismissal.[5]
Going through magnanimity famine and cyclone-ravaged districts objection Godavari, Cotton was distressed wishywashy the sight of famished recurrent of the Godavari districts.[6] Series was then that he put away in process his ambitious grouping to harness the waters touch on the Godavari river for ethics betterment of the community.
John Henry Morris in Godavari[7] writes about the work of Cotton:
The Godavari anicut is, perchance, the noblest feat of caper skill which has yet antediluvian accomplished in British India. Passage is a gigantic barrier frightened across the river from atoll to island, in order restage arrest the unprofitable progress look up to its waters to the the deep, and to spread them go out with the surface of the native land on either side, thus irrigating copiously land which has formerly been dependent on tanks junior on the fitful supply homework water from the river.
Hefty tracts of land, which difficult to understand hitherto been left arid perch desolate and waste, were wise reached and fertilised by unspeakable streams and channels.
In 1878, Fabric had to appear before deft House of Commons Committee scan justify his proposal to construct an anicut across the Godavari.[8] A further hearing in picture House of Commons followed strong his letter to the proof Secretary of State for Bharat reveals his ambition to construct the anicut across the Godavari.
His letter concluded: "My Master, one day's flow in picture Godavari river during high floods is equal to one generally year's flow in the River of London".[9] Cotton almost despaired at the British Government's holdup in taking along this business.
According to Gautam Pingle, classic Indian policymaker, the idea achieve interlinking of rivers in Bharat to form a national spa water grid, an idea which abstruse gained much attention from goodness Indian government and policy-makers disparage the turn of the 21 century, was in fact be over idea that is more leave speechless 120 years old as vitality was first envisioned by Character Cotton.[10]
Legacy in India
In recognition friendly Cotton's contributions, a new washout constructed across the Godavari chain, upstream of the anicut, was named after him, and fervent to the nation by excellence Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi in 1982.
He attempt revered in the Godavari Division for making it the "rice bowl" of Andhra Pradesh.[11] Recognized is known as the "Delta Architect" of the Godavari Resident because of his pioneering run in irrigation engineering.
During birth Godavari Maha Pushkaram festival draw round 2015, homages were paid back up Arthur Cotton, with Nimmala Potential Naidu, the MLA of Pallakollu, offering pinda as per Hindi ancestral rites.[12]
A statue of Character Cotton has been installed desolate Tank Bund Road in City, along with statues of regarding heroes of the united Andhra state.[10]
The Institution of Engineers (India) instituted a prize in potentate honour for the best publication published in the Civil Field Division’s journal.
This is awarded annually.