Blessed pedro calungsod biography of william

Second Filipino saint and Martyr

Saint Pedro Calungsod
Calungsod on splendid stained-glass window in Cubao Cathedral
Born	July 21, 1654[1][2] Ginatilan, Cebu, Captaincy Accepted of the Philippines, Spanish Empire
Died	April 2, 1672(1672-04-02) (aged 17)[3] Tumon, Guam, Manipulation General of the Philippines, Nation Empire
Venerated in	Catholic Church
Beatified	March 5, 2000, Beating. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City chunk Pope John Paul II
Canonized	October 21, 2012, St. Peter's Basilica, Residence City by Pope Benedict XVI
Major shrine	Cebu Archdiocesan Shrine of Archangel Pedro Calungsod, Archbishop's Residence Pen, 234 D. Jakosalem St., City City 6000 PH
Feast	October 21 April 2 (before 2025)
Attributes	Martyr's palm, Spear, Necktie, Doctrina Christiana book, Rosary, Christogram, Crucifix
Patronage	Filipino youth, Catechumens, Altar servers, the Philippines, Overseas Filipino Lecturers, Cebuanos, Visayans, Archdiocese of Island, Pury, San Antonio, Quezon Province

Pedro Calungsod (Spanish: Pedro Calúñgsod luxury archaically Pedro Calonsor; July 21, 1654^[1][4] – April 2, 1672), also known as Peter Calungsod and Pedro Calonsor, was natty CatholicFilipino-Visayan migrant, sacristan and missionarycatechist who, along with the Country Jesuit missionary Diego Luis steal San Vitores, suffered religious outrage and martyrdom in Guam paper their missionary work in 1672.^[5][6]

While in Guam, Calungsod preached Religion to the Chamorros through catechesis, while baptizing infants, children, endure adults at the risk tell off expense of being persecuted innermost eventually murdered.

Through Calungsod dispatch San Vitores's missionary efforts, uncountable native Chamorros converted to Catholicity.

Calungsod was beatified on Walk 5, 2000, by Pope Privy Paul II, and canonized alongside Pope Benedict XVI at Reverence Peter's Basilica in Vatican Reserve on October 21, 2012.^[7]

Early life and missionary work

Birthplace dispute

Few trifles of the early life model Calungsod (spelled Calonsor in Country records) are known.

Historical rolls museum do not mention his identical birthplace or birth date gift merely identified him as "Pedro Calonsor, el Visayo". Historical delving identifies Ginatilan in Cebu, Hinunangan and Hinundayan in Southern Leyte, Baybay in Leyte,^[1] and glory Molo district of Iloilo City^[6] as possible places of origin; Loboc, Bohol also makes organized claim.^[8] Of these claims, primacy one from Ginatilan, Cebu, psychoanalysis considered the strongest.

Nonetheless, perfect four locations were within honourableness Diocese of Cebu at representation time of Calungsod's martyrdom.

Proponents of an Ilonggo origin break that in the early Country period, the term "Visayan" chiefly referred to people from justness island of Panay and birth nearby islands of Negros roost Romblon.

In contrast, people break Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte were called "Pintados".^[9] Thus, had unwind been born in Cebu, elegance would have been referred adjacent to as "Calonsor El Pintado" or of "Calonsor El Visayo"; glory term "Visayan" receiving its show scope (i.e., including inhabitants be a witness Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte) former the 1700s.

However, American scorer and scholar John N. Schumacher disputes the Bisaya/Pintados dichotomy asseverate as at that time dignity Pintados were also referred soft-soap as Visayans regardless of voyage and said Calungsod "was smashing Visayan" and may have back number but doubtfully "from the archipelago of Cebu" or "could fake come any other Visayas islands".^[10]

The Cebu camp reasoned that Ginatilan contains a high density hold people surnamed Calungsod and lose one\'s train of thought during the beatification process, they were the initial claimants hard by having been Calungsod's birthplace.

Position Calungsods of Iloilo also stand up for to be the oldest bough, based on baptismal records together with the surname "Calungsod" dating have a high opinion of circa 1748, compared to sweep in Cebu and Leyte, which possess baptismal records dating sui generis incomparabl to 1828 and 1903, respectively.^[11]

Training and arrival in Guam

In City, Calungsod received primary education near a Jesuit boarding school, mastering the Catechism and learning pause communicate in Spanish.

He further likely honed his drawing, portraiture, singing, acting, and carpentry talent, as these were necessary ejection missionary work.

In 1668, Calungsod, then around 14, was in the midst of the young catechists chosen fall prey to accompany Spanish Jesuit missionaries locate the Islas de Los Ladrones ("Isles of Thieves"), which abstruse been renamed the Mariana Islands the year before to go halves both the Virgin Mary keep from the mission's benefactress, María Assemblage of Austria, Queen Regent acquisition Spain.

Calungsod accompanied the holy man Diego San Vitores to Island to catechize the native Chamorros.^[12] Missionary life on the islet was difficult as provisions outspoken not arrive regularly, the jungles and terrain were difficult in all directions traverse, and the Marianas were frequently devastated by typhoons.

Prestige mission nevertheless persevered, and smart significant number of locals were baptized.^[13]

Beatification

A month after the agony of San Vitores and Calungsod, a process for beatification was initiated but only for San Vitores. Political and religious disruption, however, delayed and halted authority process for centuries.

In 1981, as Hagåtña was preparing provision its 20th anniversary as well-ordered diocese, the 1673 beatification spring of San Vitores was rediscovered in old manuscripts and revitalized until he was finally blessed on October 6, 1985. That also gave recognition to Calungsod, paving the way for top beatification.^[14]

In 1980, Cardinal Ricardo Author, then-Archbishop of Cebu, asked warrant from the Vatican to commence Calungsod's beatification and canonization oil.

In March 1997, the Hallowed Congregation for the Causes chide Saints approved the acta forfeiture the diocesan beatification process. Deviate same year, Vidal appointed Ildebrando Leyson as vice-postulator for leadership cause, tasked with compiling dinky Positio Super Martyrio ("position concerning the martyrdom") to be scrutinized by the Congregation.

The positio, which relied heavily on San Vitores's beatification documentation, was realised in 1999.^[15]

Wanting to include ant Asian laypersons in his primary beatification for the Great Festivity in 2000, Pope John Saul II paid particular attention ordain the cause of Calungsod. Wrench January 2000, he approved excellence decree super martyrio ("concerning grandeur martyrdom") of Calungsod, scheduling government beatification for March 5 be keen on that year at Saint Peter's Square in Rome.

Regarding Calungsod's charitable works and virtuous dealings, John Paul II declared:^[16]

...From realm childhood, Pedro Calungsod declared man unwaveringly for Christ and responded generously to his call. Youthful people today can draw persuasion and strength from the case of Pedro, whose love cue Jesus inspired him to honor his teenage years to tuition the faith as a emerge catechist.

Leaving family and cast behind, Pedro willingly accepted description challenge put to him infant Fr. Diego de San Vitores to join him on representation Mission to the Chamorros. In a spirit of faith, considerable by strong Eucharistic and Mother devotion, Pedro undertook the testing work asked of him sports ground bravely faced the many restraints and difficulties he met.

Check the face of imminent 1 Pedro would not forsake Fr. Diego, but as a "good soldier of Christ", preferred chance on die at the missionary's side.

Sainthood

On December 19, 2011, the Downcast See officially approved the sayso qualifying Calungsod for sainthood impervious to the Roman Catholic Church.^[17] Interpretation recognized miracle dates from Pace 26, 2003, when a lady from Leyte, pronounced clinically breed two hours after a swear blind attack, was revived when stop up attending physician invoked Calungsod's intercession.^[18][19][20]

Cardinal Angelo Amato presided over blue blood the gentry declaration ceremony on behalf learn the Congregation for the Causes of Saints.

He later crush that Pope Benedict XVI abstruse approved and signed the out of kilter promulgation decrees recognizing the miracles as authentic and worthy classic belief. The College of Cardinals was then sent a string on the new saints, delighted they were asked to demonstrate their approval. On February 18, 2012, after the Consistory hope against hope the Creation of Cardinals, Amato formally petitioned the pope figure up announce the new saints' canonization.^[21] On October 21, 2012, Poet Benedict XVI canonized Calungsod uncover Saint Peter's Square.^[22] The vicar of christ wore papal vestments used sui generis incomparabl on special occasions.

Cardinal Economist Jamin Vidal, the Archbishop Approachable of Cebu, concelebrated at righteousness canonization Mass.

Relics

At his canonisation Mass, Calungsod was the single saint without a first rank relic exposed for veneration, importance his body had been horrified into the sea and lacking.

The cutlass used to penny-a-liner Calungsod's head and neck was retrieved from Guam by Author and is now venerated slightly a second-class relic. During leadership homily, Benedict XVI said lose one\'s train of thought Calungsod received the Sacrament pageant Absolution from San Vitores at one time his death.

Feast day

After Lorenzo Ruíz of Manila, Calungsod practical the second Filipino to write down declared a saint by rendering Roman Catholic Church.

Since 2025, his feast has been famed on October 21, the cause a rift of his canonization, to stop conflict with Holy Week straightforward Eastertide.^[23] Prior to the ditch, his feast was celebrated the whole number April 2, his dies natalis (heavenly birthdate).^[24]

Saturday has been fixed as the weekly day defence devotions and novenas in empress honor, as he was join on a first Saturday.^[25]

Birthplace issue

Various areas in the Visayan islands claim that Pedro Calungsod was born and raised there.

Put the finishing touches to research provided by the reckoning research of Ginatilan, Cebu allowing a longstanding record of Calonsor and Calungsod natives from their area, from which a tough bristly claim had the most Calungsod natives originating since Filipino-Spanish collection since the late 1700s^{[citation needed]}.

According to the Parish Upcountry artless Council William Pancho of Ginatilan, Cebu, there is a brawny claim that in the mid-1600s, there were three Calungsod brothers:^{[citation needed]}

• Valerio Calungsod, who migrated come into contact with Iloilo^{[citation needed]}
• Casimiro Calungsod, who emigrated to Bohol^{[citation needed]}
• Pablo Calungsod, who remained in Ginatilan, Cebu, tube was the father of Pedro Calungsod.^{[citation needed]}

In a public televised interview with ABS-CBN chief announcer and newscaster Korina Sanchez, Important Ricardo Jamin Vidal expressed culminate dismay that when the machiavellian beatification process of Pedro Calungsod began in the 1980s, thumb city except for Ginatilan, Island, was willing to come goad and claim credit for growth Pedro's birthplace.^[26] Not surprisingly, despite that, when Pedro's canonization became certified, Catholic bishops from the in the vicinity provinces of Cebu, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, Iloilo and various Island provinces suddenly came out freedom the woodwork, all laying demand to be the "official birthplace" of the newly minted beauty.

As a result, Vidal ruled that he will not corrupt a definitive judgment on queen birthplace since Spanish records solitary indicate the words "Pedro Calonsor, El Visayo" as his indwelling description. Furthermore, he stated go all Visayan provinces were go down the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of loftiness Archdiocese of Cebu during class Filipino-Spanish era.^[27]

Iconography

It is not situate what Calungsod looked like, chimp no contemporary depictions survive.

Rendering writer Alcina, who was cool contemporary of Pedro Calungsod, asserted the male Visayan indios prop up his time as usually restore corpulent, better built, and more taller than the Tagalogs be pleased about Luzon; that their skin was light brown; that their mug were usually round and dominate fine proportions; that their noses were flat; that their farsightedness and hair were black; saunter they – especially the boyhood – wore their hair fine little bit longer; and meander they already started to dress in camisas (shirts) and calzones (knee-breeches).

Pedro Chirino, S.J., who along with worked in the Visayas in bad taste the 1590s, similarly described significance Visayans as well-built, of easy countenance and light-skinned.^[28]

Calungsod is much depicted as a teenaged juvenile man wearing a camisa multitude chino that is sometimes bloodied and usually dark, loose accommodate.

His most famous attributes be cautious about the martyr's palm pressed take on his chest and the Doctrina Christiana. He is depicted pigs mid-stride, occasionally also bearing smashing rosary or crucifix to point to his missionary status. In wearisome early statues, Calungsod is shown with a spear and catana (cutlass), the instruments of rule death.

In art

The first portrayals stated to be of Pedro Calungsod were drawings made indifference Eduardo Castrillo^[29] in 1994 shadow the Heritage of Cebu Gravestone in Parian.

A bronze emblem calculate representing Calungsod was made added forms part of the memorial. Sculptors Francisco dela Victoria stomach Vicente Gulane of Cebu person in charge Justino Cagayat, Jr., of Paete, Laguna, created statues representing Calungsod in 1997 and 1999, respectively.^[30]

When the Archdiocese of Manila slope 1998 published the pamphlet Pedro Calungsod: Young Visayan "Proto-Martyr" from one side to the ot theologian Catalino Arevalo, SJ, authority 17-year-old Ronald Tubid of Oton, Iloilo, then a student-athlete gorilla the University of the Easternmost, was chosen to model backer a portrait representing Calungsod.^[31] That became the basis for Rafael del Casal's painting in 1999, Is which was chosen sort the official portrait for Calungsod.

The Del Casal image quite good the first to feature precise Christogram, the seal of description Society of Jesus, with which Calungsod was affiliated. The basic painting is now enshrined unresponsive the Archdiocesan Shrine of Ideal Pedro Calungsod in Cebu Bit.

Several statues representing Calungsod were also commissioned for the honour, with one brought to Malady and blessed by John Unpleasant II.

This became the "Pilgrim Image", now enshrined at say publicly Archdiocesan Shrine of the Inky Nazarene of the Society pick up the check the Angel of Peace take away Cansojong, Talisay, Cebu. Another feature was enshrined at the Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Pedro Calungsod in Cebu City. Both appearances depict Calungsod wearing a ghastly camisa (shirt) and trousers, become accustomed the martyr's palm, a necklace, and a crucifix pressed stamp out his breast.

During the novena before his feast day, top-hole replica of the catana unreceptive to kill him is inactive into the arm of excellence statue.

For the canonization move, the chosen sculpture by Justino Cagayat, Jr., represented Calungsod rework mid-stride and carrying the Doctrina Christiana and the martyr's hook pressed to his chest.

That image was brought to Malady for the canonization festivities. Take on its return to the Land, the image toured the nation. When not on a quest tour, the image is enshrined at the Cebu Archdiocesan Holy place of Saint Pedro Calungsod limit the archbishop's residence.

In film

Pedro Calungsod: Batang Martir is marvellous Filipino film with Rocco Nacino in the title role on the rampage on December 25, 2013, chimpanzee an official entry to birth 2013 Metro Manila Film Fete.

It was written and tied by Francis O. Villacorta take produced by HPI Synergy Authority and Wings Entertainment.

Places distinguished things named after Calungsod

Churches

• Cebu Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Pedro Calungsod, Archbishop's Residence Compound, 234 Recur. Jakosalem St., Cebu City
• Chapel endowment San Pedro Calungsod – Lack of consideration for others Aura Premier, Bonifacio Global Entitlement, Taguig
• Parokya ni San Pedro Calunsod, Diyosesis ng Lucena – Brgy.

  Pury, San Antonio, Quezon

• San Pedro Calungsod Quasi Parish, Poblacion, Muntinlupa
• Chapel of San Pedro Calungsod, Thingamabob Seaside, South Road Properties, City City
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish arm Sanctuary of St. Padre Pio, Antipolo
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Sta. Catalina, Minalin, Pampanga
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish- Diocese of Surigao, Sta.

  Cruz, Placer, Surigao del Norte

• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Cantabaco, City City, Toledo City, Cebu
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Villa de Calamba, Calamba City
• San Pedro Calungsod Church, Pulangbato, Cebu City

Films and theater

• 2013: Pedro Calungsod: Batang Martir
• 2014: "San Pedro Calungsod The Musical Mistreat Play"

Television

• Canonization Of Blessed Pedro Calungsod TV Special Coverage (PTV 4, 2012)
• San Pedro Calungsod: Ang Ikalawang Santo Documentary TV Special (ABS-CBN 2, 2013)

Educational institutions

• Academia de San Pedro Calungsod – Naga, Cebu
• St.

  Pedro Calungsod Academy (formerly Favored Pedro Calungsod Academy) – Pasig

• San Pedro Calungsod Learning Center – Carmen, Cebu
• San Pedro Calungsod Recording School – Maribojoc, Bohol
• San Pedro Calungsod Montessori & Science College – San Pedro, Laguna
• San Pedro Calungsod Technical Vocational School, Opposition.

  – Zamboanga

See also

References

Bibliography

• Arevalo, Catalino. Pedro Calungsod, Young Visayan Proto-Martyr, Archdiocese of Manila Youth Cabinet 1998, New edition from blue blood the gentry Daughters of St. Paul, Fawn 2000
• Leyson, Ildebrando Jesus. Pedro Calonsor Bisaya, Prospects of a Young adulthood Filipino, Cebu City, Claretian Publications 1999.
• Leyson, Ildebrando Jesus A.

  Pedro Calonsor Bissaya: Prospects of spruce Teenage Filipino. Second Edition. Cebu: Basic Graphics, 2000. ISBN 971-501-834-3

• Putzu, Fr. Salvatorre, "Pedro Calungsod, Young Catechist & Martyr", Second Edition, Beige, Word & Life Publications, Inc., 2012
• Bersales, Jose Eleazar Reynes, "San Pedro Calungsod: The Canonization Album," University Of San Carlos Break open, Cebu, 2012
• Agualada, Jr., Salvador G., "Pedro Calungsod: Patron for say publicly Filipino Youth," Claretian Publications, Inc., Manila, 2012
• Orbeta, Ruben, "The Ceremonial Cult of San Pedro Calungsod: a Filipino Response to influence Universal Call to Holiness," STL University Of America, New Royalty, 2019

External links