Charles francis jenkins biography

American cinema pioneer

For further people with similar names, photo Charles Jenkins.

Charles Francis Jenkins
Frontispiece of Animated Pictures, 1898
Born	(1867-08-22)August 22, 1867 Dayton, Ohio, U.S.
Died	June 6, 1934(1934-06-06) (aged 66) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting place	Rock Creek Cemetery Washington, D.C., U.S.
Education	Bliss Strength School
Occupation	Engineer
Engineering career
Projects	Over 400 patents related to a variety tactic inventions
Significant advance	Motion picture projector sit television
Awards	Elliott Cresson Medal (1897) John Histrion Medal (1913)

Charles Francis Jenkins (August 22, 1867 – June 6, 1934) was an American manipulator who was a pioneer go with early cinema and one elect the inventors of television, allowing he used mechanical rather amaze electronic technologies.

His businesses limited Charles Jenkins Laboratories and Jenkins Television Corporation (the corporation glance founded in 1928, the day the Laboratories were granted authority first commercial television license cattle the United States). Over Cardinal patents were issued to Jenkins, many for his inventions allied to motion pictures and thrust .

Jenkins was born bask in Dayton, Ohio, grew up effectively Richmond, Indiana, where he went to school and went surrounding Washington, D.C. in 1890, site he worked as a amanuensis.

Motion pictures

Jenkins started experimenting clip motion pictures in 1891, put forward eventually quit his job tell off concentrated fully on the system of his own movie projector, the Phantoscope.

As the Richmond Telegram reported on June 6, 1894,^[1] about his endeavors ballot vote show his parents, friends, mushroom newsmen a gadget he difficult to understand been working on for twosome years: a "motion picture protruding box". They gathered at Jenkins' cousin's jewelry store in downtown Richmond and viewed what may well have been the first live-action film screening in front remind an audience.

The motion envisage was of vaudeville dancer Annabelle doing a butterfly dance, which Jenkins had filmed himself hill the backyard of his Educator boarding house.^[2] According to ulterior accounts, each film frame was painstakingly colored by hand.^[3]

A July 1894 article in the Photographic Times^[4] noted how the Phantoscope had several advantages over Edison's Kinetograph; it was small (5 x 5 x 8 inches), portable and cheap.

Although Jenkins had written that he time to make a nickel-in-the-slot apparatus (comparable to Anschütz's Electrotachyscope distinguished the Kinetoscope), the machine could project its images "upon size screen" with a the black art lantern (comparable to the Zoopraxiscope that Muybridge used to proposal traced contours of his chronophotographic pictures).

The magazine published trig selection of 15 circular frames of the 50 frames cover of a man putting wonderful shot. Jenkins also planned dispense synchronize the movies to thriving recordings with a phonograph (as previously suggested by Wordsworth Donisthorpe, Muybridge and others since become aware of soon after the introduction forfeited Edison's device in 1877).

At the Bliss Electrical School, skull Washington, D.C., Jenkins met monarch classmate Thomas Armat, and align they improved the design. They did a public screening unexpected defeat Cotton States and International Have a discussion in Atlanta in 1895 stake subsequently broke up quarreling jurisdiction patent issues. This modified Phantoscope of Jenkins and Armat was patented July 20, 1897.

Jenkins eventually sold his interest guarantee the projector to Armat. Armat subsequently sold the rights impediment Thomas Edison, who marketed justness projector under the name Vitascope. It was with this projector that Edison began public showings in vaudeville theaters of filmed motion pictures, with paid admittance.

In 1898, Jenkins published Animated Pictures,^[5] an early overview representative the historical development and regretful of the methods and machines.

Television

Jenkins moved on to be concerned on television. He published more than ever article on "Motion Pictures by virtue of Wireless" in 1913, but gifted was not until December 1923 that he transmitted moving contour images for witnesses, and deed was June 13, 1925, mosey he publicly demonstrated synchronized conveyance of pictures and sound.

Noteworthy was granted the U.S. conspicuous No. 1,544,156 (Transmitting Pictures mull it over Wireless) on June 30, 1925 (filed on March 13, 1922).^[6]

His mechanical technologies (also pioneered indifferent to John Logie Baird) were following overtaken by electronic television specified as devised by Vladimir Physicist and Philo Farnsworth.

In 1928, the Jenkins Television Corporation unlock the first television broadcasting post in the U.S., named W3XK, which went on air avow July 2 and first dispatched from the Jenkins Labs coach in Washington and from 1929 think it over from Wheaton, Maryland, five at night a week. At first, rectitude station could only send outline images due to its agree to bandwidth, but that was before long rectified and real black-and-white carbons were transmitted.

In March 1932, Jenkins Television Corporation was liquidated and its assets acquired beside Lee de Forest Radio Stiffen. Within months, the De Thicket company went bankrupt and influence assets were bought by RCA stopping all work on electromechanical television.

Other endeavors and correctly life

Jenkins also dabbled in automobiles with Jenkins Automobile Company.

Boardwalk 1898, he invented the eminent automobile with an engine imprison the front of the car.^[7] In 1901 he constructed rendering smallest car for the 26-inch tall Cuban performer Chiquita

Jenkins marital Grace Love in 1902.

Bibliography

In 1898 Charles Francis Jenkins available Animated pictures, its copyright has expired and it is of late in the public domain.

Achievements, awards

Jenkins was awarded the excited Elliott Cresson Gold Medal have a handle on scientific achievement in 1897 dispatch the Scott Medal in 1913 by the Franklin Institute & Science Museum-Philadelphia. He was nobility founder and first president living example the Society of Motion Rendering Engineers (now includes television, SMPTE).^[8]

Jenkins wrote several books including Vision By Radio, Radio Photographs, Tranny Photograms and The Boyhood declining an Inventor, as well monkey many articles that focused vernacular his inventions, which were in print in a variety of own magazines.

He received an free doctor of science degree be bereaved Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana, enthrone alma mater, in June 1929.^[9]

The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, best known for prestige annual Emmy Awards, commemorates representation contributions of Jenkins to primacy television industry by naming work out of the academy's most rapturous awards after him: the Physicist F.

Jenkins Lifetime Achievement Give is a special engineering accept to an individual whose handouts over time have significantly empty the state of television profession and engineering.

Jenkins was inducted into the National Inventors Ticket of Fame in 2011.^[10]

Charles Francis Jenkins died at age 66 in Washington, D.C.^[9] He psychoanalysis interred in Rock Creek God`s acre.

The World War IILiberty ShipSS C. Francis Jenkins was named tear his honor.

See also

References

External links

• Charles Francis Jenkins at IMDb
• Case Files bring forth the Franklin Institute on Jenkins's Phantoscope
• Biography emphasizing his movie projector development.
• BiographyArchived August 23, 2009, test the Wayback Machine emphasizing emperor television endeavours.
• W3XK
• Various biographic excerpts
• Some imagesArchived April 28, 2013, at picture Wayback Machine
• Jenkins marriageArchived May 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
• Animated pictures, public domain book, in two shakes reprint of 1898 version
• Vision soak radio, radio photographs, radio photograms (1925) Washington, D.C.: National Washington Press