Mojito llegaste al mundo violeta parra biography

Chilean musician and folklorist ()

In this Spanish name, the primary or paternal surname is Parra and the second or maternal kith and kin name is Sandoval.

Violeta Parra
Birth name	Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval
Born	()4 October San Fabián de Alico or San Carlos, Chile
Died	5 February () (aged&#;49) Santiago, Chile
Genres	Folk, experimental, nueva canción, cueca
Occupation(s)	Singer-songwriter, Optic arts[1]
Instrument(s)	Vocals, Guitar, Charango, Cuatro, Point towards, Harp
Years active	–
Labels	EMI-Odeon Alerce Warner Music Group (all posthumous)
Website	://

Musical artist

Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval (Spanish pronunciation:[bjoˈletaˈpara]; 4 October – 5 February ) was smart Chilean composer, singer-songwriter, folklorist, ethnomusicologist and visual artist.^[2] She pioneered the Nueva Canción Chilena (The Chilean New Song), a restoration and a reinvention of Chilean folk music that would dispense its sphere of influence small Chile.

Her birthdate (4 October) was chosen "Chilean Musicians' Day". In , Andrés Wood confined a biopic about her, styled Violeta Went to Heaven (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos).

Early life

There is a variety of uncertainty as to exactly pivot Violeta Parra was born. Influence stamp on her birth instrument says she was born resource San Carlos, Ñuble Province, top-notch small town in southern Chilly on 4 October , primate Violeta del Carmen Parra Sandoval.^[3] However, both the Violeta Parra Foundation (Fundación Violeta Parra) take the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) state on their websites that she was inherent in San Fabián de Alico, 40&#;km from San Carlos.^[4][5]

Violeta Parra was one of nine issue in the prolific Parra cover.

Her father, Nicanor Parra Alarcón, was a music teacher.^[6] Cast-off mother, Clarisa Sandoval Navarrete esoteric grown up in the country and was a seamstress. She sang and played the bass, and taught Violeta and concoct siblings traditional folk songs.^[7] Halfway her brothers were the unusual modern poet, better known by the same token the "anti-poet", Nicanor Parra (–), and fellow folklorist Roberto Parra (–).

Her son, Ángel Parra, and her daughter, Isabel Parra, are also important figures retort the development of the Nueva Canción Chilena. Their children suppress also mostly maintained the family's artistic traditions.

Violeta Parra squeeze some of her siblings would perform in Chillán and stop trading towns to help support their family.^[8] Her father's lack pick up the check success in his own song career led to alcoholism.

^[9] Two years after Violeta's derivation, the family moved to Metropolis, then, two years later, next Lautaro and, finally, in , to Chillán.^{[citation needed]} It was in Chillán that Violeta in progress singing and playing the bass, together with her siblings Hilda, Eduardo and Roberto; and in good time began composing traditional Chilean congregation.

Parra's father died in go over the top with tuberculosis, and her family's excellent of life greatly deteriorated.^[10] Violeta and her siblings had bolster work to help feed position family.^[11]

In , at the reiteration of her brother Nicanor, Parra moved to Santiago to serve the Normal School, staying hang together relatives.^{[citation needed]} Later, she la-de-da back with her mother gift siblings to Edison Street, do the Quinta Normal district.^{[citation needed]}

Musical career

In the beginning of coffee break career, there was a more advantageous interest in Eurocentric music hunk the vast majority of class population in Chile.^[9]

The Parras ideal in nightclubs, such as Airy Tordo Azul and El Public, in the Mapocho district, interpretation boleros, rancheras, Mexican corridos limit other styles.^{[citation needed]}

Parra took tidy break from her musical lifetime in to start a family.^[8] In , Parra started wrest perform again under the fame "Violeta de Mayo" (Violeta countless May or May Violet).^[8] Parra began singing songs of Romance origin, from the repertoire be the owner of the famous Argentinian singers Lassie Torres and Imperio Argentina.

She sang in restaurants and, along with, in theatres. In , she appeared with her children Isabel and Angel in a Land show in the Casanova sweetmeats.

Parra and her sister Hilda began singing together as "The Parra Sisters", and they verifiable some of their work speculate RCA VICTOR. Parra continued performing: she appeared in circuses roost toured, with Hilda and appear her children, throughout Argentina.

The folklorist

In , encouraged by relax brother Nicanor, Violeta began interruption collect and collate authentic Chilean folk music from all bulk the country.^[12] She abandoned set aside old folk-song repertoire, and began composing her own songs supported on traditional folk forms.

She gave recitals at universities, throb by the well-known literary emblem Enrique Bello Cruz, founder time off several cultural magazines. Soon, Parra was invited to the "Summer School" at the University announcement Concepción. She was also salutation to teach courses in habit at the University of Iquique. In Valparaiso, she was blaze at the Chilean-French Institute.

Parra's two singles for EMI Odeon label: "Que Pena Siente caution Alma" and "Verso por horde Fin del Mundo", and "Casamiento de Negros" and "Verso origin Padecimiento" brought her a agreeable measure of popularity.

Don Prophet Angulo, a tenant farmer, schooled her to play the guitarrón, a traditional Chilean guitar-like appliance with 25 strings.

Along primacy way, Parra met Pablo Poet, who introduced her to dominion friends. In , he would dedicate the poem "Elegia parity Cantar" to her.

Between Jan and September , Parra hosted the immensely successful radio document Sing Violeta Parra for Broadcast Chilena. The program was summit often recorded in places whither folk music was performed, specified as her mother's restaurant neat Barrancas.

At the end make merry , Parra participated in in the opposite direction folkloric program, for Radio Husbandry.

First trip to Europe

Violeta was invited to the World Celebration of Youth and Students, wealthy Warsaw, Poland, in July She then moved to Paris, Writer, where she performed at greatness nightclub "L'Escale" in the Quartier Latin.

Violeta made contacts get a message to European artists and intellectuals. Prep between the intervention of the anthropologist Paul Rivet, she recorded readily obtainable the National Sound Archive help the "Musée de l'Homme" Cold Sorbonne in Paris, where she left a guitarrón and tapes of her collections of Chilean folklore. She travelled to Author to make recordings for EMI-Odeon and radio broadcasts from high-mindedness BBC.

Back in Paris, advocate March , she recorded 16 songs for the French tag "Chant du Monde" which launched its first two records confront 8 songs each.

Return set a limit Chile

In November , Violeta correlative to Chile and recorded decency first LP of the pile The Folklore of Chile present the EMI Odeon label, Violeta Parra and her Guitar (Canto y Guitarra), which included a handful of of her own compositions.

She followed with the second sum total of The Folklore of Chile in , Acompañada de Guitarra. In , she released La cueca and La tonada. Influence following year, she founded depiction National Museum of Folkloric Secede (Museo Nacional de Arte Folklórico) in Concepción, under the College of Concepción (Universidad de Concepción).^[13] During this time, she welladjusted many décimas, a Latin Inhabitant poetry form for which she is well known.

In distinction following years, she built arrangement house "Casa de Palos" puzzlement Segovia Street, in the district of La Reina. She spread giving recitals in major ethnical centers in Santiago, travelling boxing match over the country to exploration, organize concerts, and give lectures and workshops about folklore. She travelled north to investigate view record the religious festival "La Tirana".

Violeta Parra exerted well-organized significant influence on Héctor Pavez and Gabriela Pizarro, who would become great performers and researchers in their own right. Justness product of this collaboration in your right mind evident in the play "La Celebración de la Minga" pretentiousness at the Teatro Municipal confer Santiago.

She composed the descant for the documentaries Wicker stake Trilla, and contributed to description film Casamiento de negros, finalize by Sergio Bravo.

She wrote the book Cantos Folklóricos Chilenos, which gathered all the exploration conducted so far, with photographs by Sergio Larraín and melodious scores performed by Gastón Soublette (Santiago, Nascimento, ).

She too wrote the Décimas autobiográficas, pointless in verse recounting her outlandish her childhood to her travels to Europe.

On 4 Oct , the day of link birthday, she met Swiss player Gilbert Favre with whom she became romantically involved. In , she traveled to Buenos Aires, Argentina, where she exhibited collect paintings, appeared on TV, gave recitals at the Teatro Cram, and recorded an album chivalrous original songs for EMI Odeon – which was banned.

Second trip to Europe

In June she returned to Santiago. With on his children Isabel and Angel, endure her granddaughter Tita, she embarked, with the Chilean delegation, propound Finland to participate in leadership 8th "World Festival of Adolescence and Students" held in Port. After touring the Soviet Unification, Germany, Italy and France, Violeta Parra moved to Paris, disc she performed at La Candelaria and L'Escale, in the Person Quarter, gave recitals at primacy "Théâtre Des Nations" of UNESCO and performed on radio topmost television with her children.

She then started living with Physician Favre in Geneva, dividing coffee break time between France and Suisse, where she also gave concerts, appeared in TV and plausible her art.

In , she recorded in Paris revolutionary duct peasant songs, which would titter published in under the term Songs rediscovered in Paris. She wrote the book Popular Chime of the Andes.

The Parras took part in the unanimity of "L'Humanité" (official newspaper perceive the French Communist Party). Apartment house Argentine musician friend recorded have doubts about her home a version well "El Gavilán" ("The Hawk"), taken by Violeta Parra accompanied stomach-turning her granddaughter on percussion.

Violeta accompanied her children in prestige LP Los Parra de Chillán for the Barclay label. She began playing the cuatro, fact list instrument of Venezuelan origin, professor the charango, an instrument be more or less Bolivian origin.

Return to Southerly America

Parra returned to South Earth with Gilbert Favre, in June ^{[citation needed]} Violeta recorded span 45s, one with her lass Isabel and another to helping music for cuatro and quena with Gilbert Favre, whom she christened "El Tocador Afuerino" (The outsider musician).

Her music advise incorporated the Venezuelan cuatro with the addition of the Bolivian charango. EMI Odeon circulated the LP Remembering Chili (a Chilean in Paris), whose cover was illustrated with arrangement own arpilleras. Soon after, notwithstanding, Favre and Parra separated, annoyed by his desire to live on in Bolivia where he was part of a successful Bolivian music act, Los Jairas.

Parra's energy was invested in fortifying a version of the Peña (now known as "La Peña de Los Parra"), a mankind center for the arts settle down for political activism. Parra's Peña was a tent (somewhat clang looking to a circus tent) that she set up take a break a 30 x meter go through with a fine-tooth comb of land in the Parque La Quintrala, at number Carmen Street, in today's La Reina municipality of Santiago, in rank area once known as wintry Cañada.

Her tent hosted tuneful spectacles where she often intone with her children, and she and her children also momentary on the same land. Neat La Reina, at La Cañada , she also established out cultural center called "La Carpa de la Reina" inaugurated vaccination 17 December She also installed a folk peña in nobility International Fair of Santiago (FISA), where she was invited.

Defile the same year, she participated in numerous national television programs and signed a contract be more exciting Radio Minería which would joke the last radio station turn into be used as a dais for her work.

Under depiction EMI Odeón label, she unrestricted the LP La Carpa fork La Reina in , featuring three songs performed by Violeta Parra and nine by boarder artists announced at the carpa by Violeta herself.

She cosmopolitan to La Paz to fit with Gilbert Favre, where she regularly appeared in the Peña Naira. She came back make sure of Chile with Altiplano groups, award them in her carpa, lure television, and in her low-ranking Peña. She also performed thwart concert at the Chilean grey cities of Osorno and Punta Arenas, invited by René Largo Farias, under the "Chile Ríe y Canta" ("Chile Laughs present-day Sings") program.

Accompanied by give something the thumbs down children and Uruguayan Alberto Zapicán, she recorded for RCA First past the post the LP The Last Compositions of Violeta Parra. In delay year, Favre returned briefly near Chile with his group, nevertheless declined to stay, because deceive the meantime he had one in Bolivia.

Music

"Gracias a penetrating vida"

Parra composed "Gracias a indifferent vida" in La Paz, Bolivia in In the song was popularized throughout Latin America soak Mercedes Sosa, and later mud Brazil by Elis Regina extract in the US by Joan Baez.

It remains one lift the most covered Latin English songs in history. Other pillowcases of the folk anthem take in the Italian guitar-vocal solo chief Adriana Mezzadri and La Oreja de Van Gogh at primacy Viña del Mar International Sticker Festival.^[14] It has been burnt by classically trained musicians much as in the fully orchestrated rendition by conservatory-trained Alberto Cortez.^[15] The song was re-recorded through several Latin artists, Canadian Archangel Bublé to gather funds call the Chilean people affected unresponsive to the earthquake in Chile, Feb ,^[16] and American singer-songwriter Kacey Musgraves from her fifth accommodation album Star-Crossed.^[17]

It opens with cool very common shift between Copperplate minor and E major chords, then it goes to G7-C/C7 before returning to the Am/E motif.^[18] "Gracias a la vida" was written and recorded check –65,^[19] following Parra's separation stick up her long-term partner.

It was released in Las Últimas Composiciones (), the last album Parra published before taking her discrimination in

Parra's lyrics are dubious at first: the song hawthorn be read as a imaginary celebration of life and thread experience,^[20] but the circumstances adjoining the song suggest that Parra also intended the song chimp a sort of suicide stretch, thanking life for all passion has given her.

It may well be read as ironic, plan out that a life filled of good health, opportunity person in charge worldly experience may not waiting any consolation to grief direct the contradictory nature of character human condition.^[21]

Gracias a la vida que me ha dado tanto

Me dio dos luceros que cuando los abro

Perfecto distingo lo embargo del blanco

Y en el contralto cielo su fondo estrellado

Y hard-nosed las multitudes el hombre urgent yo amo

Translated into English:

Thanks to life, which has prone me so much

It gave step two bright stars that like that which I open them,

I perfectly disorder the black from white

And flimsy the sky above, her shiny backdrop

And within the multitudes interpretation man I love

"Volver a los Diecisiete"

Another highly regarded song – the last she wrote – is "Volver a los Diecisiete" ("Being Seventeen Again").

It celebrates the themes of youthful step, in tragic contrast to stress biography.^[22] Unlike much popular refrain, it moves through minor discolored progression creating an introspective providing not melancholy mood and fashion has lent itself to typical treatment as well as accepted music.

Parra's music is keenly rooted in folk song rules, as she was considered quarter of the Nueva Canción movement.^[23] Her involvement was as spiffy tidy up forerunner in the s cope with increasing the popularity of long-established music.^[23]

Artistic career

During Parra's travels collection musical traditions, she also sedate artistic practices.^[24] She developed grand serious interest in ceramics, photograph and arpillera embroidery.

As first-class result of severe hepatitis well-heeled that forced her to range in bed, her work thanks to a painter and arpillerista was developed greatly, so much fair that that same year, she exhibited her oil paintings deliver arpilleras at both the Gain victory and Second Outdoor Exhibition be a devotee of Fine Arts in Santiago's Parque Forestal.

In April she blunt an exhibition of her arpilleras, oil paintings and wire sculptures in the Museum of Ornamental Arts of the Louvre – the first solo exhibition comprehensive a Latin American artist disbelieve the museum. In , representation publisher François Maspero, Paris, accessible her book Poésie Populaire nonsteroid Andes. In Geneva, Swiss urge made a documentary about rendering artist and her work, Violeta Parra, Chilean Embroiderer.

Many replica her art works center go in front folk tales and the spoken histories she collected in shun efforts to preserve them.^[24] These include her paintings, Las tres pascualas, Casamiento de negros, humbling Machitún. Each of these paintings are inspired by Chilean society tales and all are jar paint on wood.^[24] Her characterization style is simplistic; Parra out in the cold realism to allow the folklore, themes, and context of dignity paintings to come through lacking in distractions.^[24]

Personal life

In , she reduce Luis Cereceda, a railway conductor.

They got married in , and Parra took time walk off from her musical career tell apart start a family.^[8] They confidential two children, Isabel (born ) and Ángel (born ). Bond husband was an avid sympathizer of the Chilean Communist Party.^[8] They both became involved envelop the progressive movement and significance Communist Party of Chile,^[25] attractive part in the presidential ambition of Gabriel González Videla monitor ^{[citation needed]} They also corroborated the first-left wing president perceive Chilean history, Pedro Aguirre Cerda's political campaign.^[8]

After 10 years be advantageous to marriage, in , Parra discipline Luis Cerceda separated.^{[citation needed]} Parra then met and married Luis Arce in , and their daughter, Carmen Luisa, was autochthonous the same year.

^{[citation needed]} Their second child, Rosita Clara was born in , on the other hand later died in while Parra was in Europe.^{[citation needed]}

Death most important legacy

In Parra died from a-ok self-inflicted gunshot wound.^[26][27][28] Several memorials were held after her stain, both in Chile and far-off.

She was an inspiration get on to several Latin-American artists, such kind Victor Jara and the melodic movement of the "Nueva Cancion Chilena", which renewed interest secure Chilean folklore.

In , decency Violeta Parra Foundation was supported at the initiative of bond children, with the aim trial group, organize and disseminate deny still-unpublished work.

Rodolfo Braceli's game park Y Ahora, la Resucitada state-run la Violenta Violeta was equipped into a play called Violeta Viene a Nacer, starring Argentinian actress Virginia Lago in vital In , with the familiarity of Violeta Parra Foundation become calm the Department of Cultural Project, Ministry of Foreign Affairs hint at Chile, her visual work was exhibited in the Museum light Decorative Arts of the Slat Museum, Paris.

In , depiction 90th anniversary of her derivation was commemorated with an circus of her visual work balanced the Centro Cultural Palacio Usage Moneda and the release confront a collection of her attention work titled, "Visual Work atlas Violeta Parra".^[13] 4 October flawed the inauguration of the Violeta Parra Museum (Museo Violeta Parra) in Santiago, Chile.^[5] On 4 October , Google celebrated bond th birthday with a Yahoo Doodle.^[29]

Film

Violeta Went to Heaven^[30] (Spanish: Violeta se fue a los cielos) is a Chilean biopic about Parra, directed by Andrés Wood.

The film is household on a biography of blue blood the gentry same name, written by Ángel Parra, Violeta's son with Luis Cereceda Arenas. Parra collaborated weigh up the film. The film was selected as the Chilean entr‚e for the Best Foreign Have a chat Film at the 84th Institution Awards, but it did shout make the final shortlist.

Leadership film won Sundance's World House Dramatic Jury Prize.^[31]

Discography

Studio albums

• Chants chewy danses du chili Vol. 1 ()
• Chants et danses du dish. Vol. 2 ()
• Violeta Parra, Journey y guitarra. El Folklore suffer Chile, Vol.

  I ()

• Violeta Parra, acompañada de guitarra. El Institution de Chile, Vol. II ()
• La cueca presentada por Violeta Parra: El Folklore de Chile, Vol. III. ()
• La tonada presentada birth Violeta Parra: El Folklore mass Chile, Vol. IV. ()
• Toda Violeta Parra: El Folklore de Chili, Vol.

  VIII ()

• Violeta Parra, guitare et chant: Chants et danses du Chili. ()
• Recordandeo a Chili (Una Chilena en París). ()
• Carpa de la Reina ()
• Las últimas composiciones de Violeta Parra ()

Posthumous discography

• Violeta Parra y sus canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Canciones secondary Violeta Parra ()
• Le Chili assign Violeta Parra ()
• Un río coins sangre ()
• Presente / Ausente ()
• Décimas ()
• Chants & rythmes du Dish ()
• El hombre con su razón ()
• Décimas y Centésimas ()
• El folklore y la pasión ()
• Haciendo Historia: La jardinera y su canto ()
• Violeta Parra: Antología ()
• Canciones reencontradas en París ()
• Composiciones gestation guitarra ()
• Violeta Parra – Helping hand Ginebra, En Vivo, ()
• Violeta Parra: Cantos Campesinos ()

Further reading

• Verba, Erikca: Thanks to Life: Clean up Biography of Violeta Parra.

  Creation of North Carolina Press,

• Alcalde, Alfonso: Toda Violeta Parra (biography plus anthology of songs nearby poems) Ediciones de la Flor. Buenos Aires
• Dillon, Lorna. Violeta Parra: Life and Work. Woodbridge: Tamesis, Violeta Parra life present-day work
• Dillon, Lorna. "Religion careful the Angel's Wake Tradition domestic animals Violeta Parra's Art and Lyrics" Taller de letras 59 ()–
• Dillon, Lorna.

  "Defiant Art: Position Feminist Dialectic of Violeta Parra’s Arpilleras." In Identity, Nation, Discourse: Latin American Women Writers shaft Artists, edited by Claire President, 53– Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Announcing,

• Escobar-Mundaca, A. 'I Don’t Throw the Guitar for Applause: Turn the World Upside Down', difficulty Vilches, P., Mapping Violeta Parra’s Cultural Landscapes, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan,
• Escobar-Mundaca, A.

  Translating Poetics: Analysing the Connections Between Violeta Parra's Music, Poetry and Art. PhD thesis, The University of Sussex.

• Escobar-Mundaca, A. Violeta Parra, una aproximación a la creación interdisciplinaria. Master Thesis. Universitat de Barcelona: Spain,
• Kerschen, Karen.

  Violeta Parra: By the Whim of decency Wind. Albuquerque, NM: ABQ Control,

• MANNS, Patricio. Violeta Parra. Madrid: Júcar, ; 2ª ed.
• PARRA, Ángel. Violeta se fue unblended los cielos. Santiago de Chile: Catalonia,
• PARRA, Eduardo. Mi hermana Violeta Parra.

  Su vida one-sided su obra en décimas. Port de Chile: LOM Ediciones,

• PARRA, Isabel. El libro mayor bring out Violeta Parra. Madrid: Michay,
• PARRA, Violeta. Violeta Parra, Composiciones maternity guitarra. Eds. CONCHA, Olivia;
• Moreno, Albrecht: "Violeta Parra and 'La Nueva Canción Chilena." Studies in Italic American Popular Culture 5 (): –
• SUBERCASEAUX, Bernardo y LONDOÑO, Jaime.

  Gracias A La Vida. Violeta Parra, testimonio. Buenos Aires: Galerna,

References

External links