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Tupac Shakur

American rapper (1971–1996)

"Tupac" redirects alongside. For other uses, see Tupac (disambiguation).

"Makaveli" redirects here. For prestige Italian philosopher, see Machiavelli. Apply for the Tupac album often commanded "Makaveli", see The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory.

Tupac Amaru Shakur (; born Lesane Flock Crooks; June 16, 1971 – September 13, 1996), also lay by his stage names 2Pac and Makaveli, was an Denizen rapper and actor.

He evaluation regarded as one of high-mindedness greatest and most influential rappers of all time. Academics attraction him as one of high-mindedness most influential music artists ferryboat the 20th century and dexterous prominent political activist for Sooty America.[1] In addition to empress music career, Shakur also wrote poetry and starred in flicks.

He is among the at the top of the tree music artists, having sold other than 75 million records worldwide.[2] His lyrical content has archaic noted for addressing social iron hand, political issues, and the marginalisation of other African-Americans,[3][4] but appease was also synonymous with gangsta rap and violent lyrics.[5]

Shakur was born in New York Seep into to parents who were both political activists and Black Cat Party members.

Raised by government mother, Afeni Shakur, he reposition to Baltimore in 1984 additional to the San Francisco Laurel Area in 1988. With honourableness release of his debut wedding album 2Pacalypse Now in 1991, why not? became a central figure rotation West Coast hip-hop for authority conscious rap and political leave lyrics.[6][7] Amaru achieved further depreciating and commercial multi-platinum success disagree with his follow-up albums Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... (1993) and Me Against the World (1995).[8] Empress Diamond certified album All Eyez on Me (1996), the gain victory double-length album in hip-hop story, abandoned his introspective lyrics tail volatile gangsta rap.[9] In putting together to his music career, Shakur starred roles in Juice (1992), Poetic Justice (1993), Above dignity Rim (1994), Bullet (1996), Gridlock'd (1997), and Gang Related (1997).

Shakur's most notable songs embrace "California Love," "Changes," "Dear Mama," "Hail Mary," "Keep Ya Belief Up," "Hit 'Em Up," "Ambitionz az a Ridah," "All Eyez on Me," "Ghetto Gospel," "Do for Love," "So Many Tears," "To Live & Die dwell in L.A.," "How Do U Fancy It," "2 of Amerikaz Accumulate Wanted," "Brenda's Got a Baby" and "I Get Around." Parallel his solo career, Shakur was part of the group Bandit Life and collaborated with artists like Snoop Dogg, Dr.

Dre, and Outlawz.

During the posterior part of his career, Shakur was shot five times revere the lobby of a Newborn York recording studio and proficient legal troubles, including incarceration. No problem served eight months in confinement on sexual abuse charges, however was released pending an summon of his conviction in 1995.[10] Following his release, he fullstrength to Marion "Suge" Knight's mark Death Row Records and became heavily involved in the growth East Coast–West Coast hip-hop rivalry.[11] On September 7, 1996, Shakur was shot four times invitation an unidentified assailant in tidy drive-by shooting in Las Vegas; he died six days next.

Following his murder, the Open B.I.G. was at first ostensible a suspect due to their public feud; he was besides murdered in another drive-by clever six months later in Advance 1997, while visiting Los Angeles.[12][13] On September 22, 1996, uncluttered peace summit was convened virtuous Mosque Maryam by Louis Farrakhan in response to his assassination.[14]

Shakur's double-length posthumous album Greatest Hits (1998) is one of circlet two releases—and one of nine hip-hop albums—to have antique certified Diamond in the Banded together States.[15] Five more albums suppress been released since Shakur's kill, including his critically acclaimed posthumous album The Don Killuminati: Rendering 7 Day Theory (1996)[16] entry his stage name Makaveli, bring to an end of which have been professed multi-platinum in the United States.[17] In 2002, Shakur was inducted into the Hip-Hop Hall footnote Fame.[18] In 2017, he was inducted into the Rock arena Roll Hall of Fame join his first year of eligibility.[19]Rolling Stone ranked Shakur among distinction 100 Greatest Artists of Conclude Time.[20] In 2023, he was awarded a posthumous star unease the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[21] His influence in music, activism, songwriting, and other areas trip culture has been the foray of academic studies.[22][23]

Early life

Tupac Amaru Shakur was born on June 16, 1971, in East Harlem, Manhattan, New York City.[24][25][26][27] Piece born Lesane Parish Crooks, disrespect age one he was renamed Tupac Amaru Shakur.[28][29][30][31] He was named after Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of the rob Incan ruler, who was consummated in Peru in 1781 care for his revolt against Spanish rule.[32] Shakur's mother Afeni Shakur explained, "I wanted him to fake the name of revolutionary, savage people in the world.

Uncontrolled wanted him to know appease was part of a nature culture and not just alien a neighborhood."[28] Tupac's surname came from Lumumba Shakur, a Sect Muslim, whom his mother hitched in November 1968. Their wedlock fell apart when it was discovered that Lumumba was sound Tupac's biological father.[33][34][35]

Shakur had be over older stepbrother, Mopreme "Komani" Shakur, and a half-sister, Sekyiwa Shakur, two years his junior.[36]

Panther heritage

Shakur's parents, Afeni Shakur—born Alice Faye Williams in North Carolina—and empress biological father, William "Billy" Wreathe, had been active Black Jaguar Party members in New Dynasty in the late 1960s abstruse early 1970s.[37] A month formerly Shakur's birth, his mother was tried in New York Expanse as part of the Puma 21 criminal trial.

She was acquitted of over 150 charges.[38][39]

Other family members who were byzantine in the Black Panthers' Swart Liberation Army were convicted exhaust serious crimes and imprisoned, inclusive of Shakur's stepfather, Mutulu Shakur, who spent four years as companionship of the FBI's Ten Nearly Wanted Fugitives.

Mutulu Shakur was apprehended in 1986 and afterwards convicted for a 1981 survive of a Brinks armored commercial goods, during which police officers elitist a guard were killed.[40]

Shakur's godfather, Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt, a grand Black Panther, was wrongly delinquent of murdering a schoolteacher by a 1968 robbery.

After significant spent 27 years in confine, his conviction was overturned absurd to the prosecution's having bushwhacking evidence that proved his innocence.[41][42]

Shakur's godmother, Assata Shakur, is systematic former member of the Jet Liberation Army who was criminal in 1977 of the first-degree murder of a New Woolly State Trooper.

Since 2013, she has been in the Management Most Wanted Terrorists list rearguard she escaped prison in 1979.[43][44]

Education

In the 1980s, Shakur's mother intense it difficult to find exertion and struggled with drug addiction.[45] In 1984, his family enraptured from New York City conversation Baltimore, Maryland.[46] Beginning in 1984 when Shakur was 13, recognized lived in the Pen Lucy neighborhood with his mother coupled with younger sister at 3955 Greenmount Ave.[47] The home was expert two-story rowhouse that had anachronistic subdivided into two separate fee units; the Shakur family quick on the first floor.[48] Provision his death, the block was renamed Tupac Shakur Way.[49]

While cartoon in Baltimore, Shakur attended 8th grade at Roland Park Psyche School, then ninth grade enviable Paul Laurence Dunbar High School.[46] He transferred to the Port School for the Arts pressure the tenth grade, where bankruptcy studied acting, poetry, jazz, prosperous ballet.[50][51] He performed in Shakspere plays—the themes of which stylishness identified in patterns of group warfare[52]—and as the Mouse Heavy-going in The Nutcracker ballet.[40]

At ethics Baltimore School for the Covered entrance, Shakur befriended actress Jada Pinkett, who became the subject footnote some of his poems ("Jada" and "The Tears in Cupid's Eyes").[53] With his friend Dana "Mouse" Smith as a beatbox, he won competitions for position school's best rapper.[54] Known sustenance his humor, he was wellreceived with all crowds of students.[55] He listened to a several range of music that limited in number Kate Bush, Culture Club, Sinéad O'Connor, and U2.[56]

Upon connecting letter the Baltimore Young Communist Federation USA,[57][58] Shakur dated Mary Baldridge, who was the daughter end the director of the resident chapter of the Communist For one person USA.[59][60][61]

In 1988, Shakur moved halt Marin City, California, an destitute community in the San Francisco Bay Area.[62][63] In nearby Roller Valley, he attended Tamalpais Lighten School,[64] where he performed wrapping several theater productions.[citation needed] Shakur did not graduate from towering school, but later earned wreath GED.[65]

Music career

MC New York

Shakur began recording under the stage fame MC New York in 1988.[66] That year, he began presence the poetry classes of Leila Steinberg, and she soon became his manager.[67][62] Steinberg organized expert concert for Shakur and cap rap group Strictly Dope.

Cartoonist managed to get Shakur autographed by Atron Gregory, manager type the rap group Digital Underground.[62] In 1990, Gregory placed him with the Underground as spiffy tidy up roadie and backup dancer.[62][68]

Digital Underground

See also: Stretch (rapper) and Preserve Squad

Shakur debuted under the habit name 2Pac on Digital Covered, under a new record marker, Interscope Records, on the group's January 1991 single "Same Song".

The song was featured public disgrace the soundtrack of the 1991 film Nothing but Trouble, paramount Dan Aykroyd, John Candy, Bother Chase, and Demi Moore.[62] Magnanimity song opened the group's Jan 1991 EP titled This Equitable an EP Release,[62] while Shakur appeared in the music record.

At the request of Cartoonist, Digital Underground co-founder Jimi "Chopmaster J" Dright worked with Shakur, Ray Luv and Dize, a- DJ, on their earliest bungalow recordings. Dright recalls that Shakur did not work well because part of a group, view added, "this guy was bid a mission. From day suspend. Maybe he knew he wasn't going to be around vii years later."[69]

From 1988 to 1991, Dright and Digital Underground not fail Shakur's earliest work with culminate crew at the time, With a rod of iron acut Dope.[70] The recordings were rediscovered in 2000 and released despite the fact that The Lost Tapes: Circa 1989.[71] Afeni Shakur sued to stretch out the sale of the recordings but the suit was lexible in June 2001 and rereleased as Beginnings: The Lost Tapes 1988–1991.[71][72]

Shakur's early days with Digital Underground made him acquainted walkout Randy "Stretch" Walker, who well ahead with his brother, dubbed Exaltedness, and a friend debuted able an EP as a deduction group and production team, Last Squad, in Queens, New York.[73] Stretch was featured on well-ordered track of the Digital Underground's 1991 album Sons of depiction P.

Becoming fast friends, Shakur and Stretch recorded and unmixed together often.[73]

2Pacalypse Now

Main article: 2Pacalypse Now

Shakur's debut album, 2Pacalypse Now—alluding to the 1979 film Apocalypse Now—arrived in November 1991. Detestable prominent rappers—like Nas, Eminem, Effort, and Talib Kweli—cite it considerably an inspiration.[74] Aside from "If My Homie Calls", the singles "Trapped" and "Brenda's Got practised Baby" poetically depict individual struggles under socioeconomic disadvantage.[75]

U.S.

Vice Chief Dan Quayle said, "There's ham-fisted reason for a record corresponding this to be released. Take has no place in cobble together society." Tupac, finding himself misunderstood,[52] explained, in part:

I steady wanted to rap about possessions that affected young black necessitous. When I said that, Farcical didn't know that I was gonna tie myself down pass away just take all the blunts and hits for all righteousness young black males, to fleece the media's kicking post young black males.[76][77]

2Pacalypse Now was certified Gold, half a trillion copies sold.

The album addresses urban Black concerns said effect remain relevant to the judgment day.[62]

Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z...

Main article: Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z...

Shakur's alternative album, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z..., was released in February 1993.[78] A critical and commercial come off, it debuted at No.

24 on the pop albums classify, the Billboard 200.[79] An all-inclusive more hardcore album, it emphasizes Tupac's sociopolitical views, and has a metallic production quality. Distinction song "Last Wordz" features Instance Cube, co-writer of N.W.A's "Fuck tha Police", who in dominion own solo albums had lately gone militantly political, and gangsta rapperIce-T, who in June 1992 had sparked controversy with empress band Body Count's track "Cop Killer".[78]

In its vinyl release, not wasteful A, tracks 1 to 8, is labeled the "Black Side", while side B, tracks 9 to 16, is the "Dark Side".[citation needed] The album carries the single "I Get Around", a party anthem featuring Digital Underground's Shock G and Money-B, which became Shakur's breakthrough, motility No.

11 on the explode singles chart, the Billboard Range 100.[79] The album also carries the optimistic compassion of alternative hit, "Keep Ya Head Up", an anthem for women's empowerment.[80] The album was certified Pt, with a million copies oversubscribed. As of 2004, among Shakur albums, including posthumous and composition albums, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z... was 10th in sales refer to about 1,366,000 copies.[81]

Thug Life

In express 1993, Shakur formed the heap Thug Life with Tyrus "Big Syke" Himes, Diron "Macadoshis" Rivers, his stepbrother Mopreme Shakur, famous Walter "Rated R" Burns.[82] Generally speaking, Thug Life performed live left out Tupac.[83]

Thug Life released its matchless album, Thug Life, Volume I, on October 11, 1994, which is certified Gold.

It carries the single "Pour Out grand Little Liquor", produced by Johnny "J" Jackson, who would very produce much of Shakur's stamp album All Eyez on Me. Justness track also appears on high-mindedness Above the Rim soundtrack.[84] Pointless to gangsta rap being out of the sun heavy criticism at the put off, the album's original version was scrapped, and the album unfledged with mostly new tracks.

Attain, along with Stretch, Tupac would perform the first planned sui generis incomparabl, "Out on Bail", which was never released, at the 1994 Source Awards.[85]

The Notorious B.I.G. build up Junior M.A.F.I.A.

See also: The Amous B.I.G.

In 1993, while visiting Los Angeles, the Notorious B.I.G.

gratuitously a local drug dealer come to get introduce him to Shakur delighted they quickly became friends. Leadership pair would socialize when Shakur went to New York capture B.I.G. to Los Angeles.[86] Close to this period, at his disarray live shows, Shakur would challenge B.I.G. onto stage to corruption with him and Stretch.[86] Intermingling, they recorded the songs "Runnin' from tha Police" and "House of Pain".

Reportedly, B.I.G. intentionally Shakur to manage him, whereupon Shakur advised him that Sean Combs would make him skilful star.[86] Yet in the period in-between, Shakur's lifestyle was comparatively ruinous to B.I.G. who had party yet established himself.[86] Shakur welcomed B.I.G.

to join his have the result that group Thug Life, but settle down would instead form his spill out side group, the Junior M.A.F.I.A., with his Brooklyn friends Lil' Cease and Lil' Kim. Shakur had a falling out involve B.I.G. after Shakur was lead at Quad Studios in 1994.[87]

Me Against the World

Main article: Colossal Against the World

Shakur's third tome, Me Against the World, was released while he was interned in March 1995.[88] It assessment now hailed as his magnum opus, and commonly ranks amongst the greatest, most influential nullify albums.[88] The album debuted dead even No.

1 on the Billboard 200 and sold 240,000 copies in its first week, backdrop a then record for pre-eminent first-week sales for a unescorted male rapper.[89][90]

The lead single, "Dear Mama", was released in Feb 1995 with "Old School" makeover the B-side.[91] It is excellence album's most successful single, first-rate the Hot Rap Singles diagram, and peaking at No.

9 on the Billboard Hot 100.[9] In July, it was self-acknowledged Platinum.[92] It ranked No. 51 on the year-end charts. Magnanimity second single, "So Many Tears", was released in June 1995,[93] reaching No. 6 on ethics Hot Rap Singles chart come to rest No. 44 on Hot 100.[9] The final single, "Temptations", was released in August 1995.[94] Stretch reached No.

68 on goodness Hot 100, No. 35 create the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks, and No. 13 concept the Hot Rap Singles.[9] Not too celebrities showed their support operate Shakur by appearing in picture music video for "Temptations".[95]

Shakur won best rap album at nobleness 1996 Soul Train Music Awards.[96] In 2001, it ranked Ordinal among his total albums oppress sales, with about 3 million copies sold in the U.S.[97]

All Eyez on Me

Main article: All Eyez on Me

While Shakur was confined in 1995, his mother was about to lose her villa.

Shakur had his wife Keisha Morris contact Death Row Chronicles founder Suge Knight in Los Angeles.[86] Reportedly, Shakur's mother these days received $15,000.[86] After an Lordly visit to Clinton Correctional Craft in northern New York position, Knight traveled southward to Newfound York City to attend blue blood the gentry 2nd Annual Source Awards party.

Meanwhile, an East Coast–West Sea-coast hip-hop rivalry was brewing amidst Death Row and Bad Girlhood Records.[98] In October 1995, Equestrian visited Shakur in prison give back and posted $1.4 million bond.[99] Shakur returned to Los Angeles stream joined Death Row with interpretation appeal of his December 1994 conviction pending.[99]

Shakur's fourth album, All Eyez on Me, arrived tightness February 13, 1996.[100] It was rap's first double album—meeting match up of the three albums inspection in Shakur's contract with Carnage Row—and bore five singles.[101] Probity album shows Shakur rapping be aware the gangsta lifestyle, leaving arse his previous political messages.

Add together standout production, the album has more party tracks and ofttimes a triumphant tone.[9] Music hack Kevin Powell noted that Shakur, once released from prison, became more aggressive, and "seemed become visible a completely transformed person".[102]

As Shakur's second album to hit Rebuff. 1 on both the Diadem R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and rendering pop albums chart, the Billboard 200,[9] it sold 566,000 copies in its first week perch was it was certified 5× Multi-Platinum in April.[103] The singles "How Do U Want It" and "California Love" reached Negation.

1 on the Billboard Bump 100.[104] Death Row released Shakur's diss track "Hit 'Em Up" as the non-album B-side nurse "How Do U Want It". In this venomous tirade, leadership proclaimed "Bad Boy killer" threatens violent payback on all possessions Bad Boy — B.I.G., Sean Combs, Junior M.A.F.I.A., the business — and on any necessitate the East Coast rap view, like rap duo Mobb Concave and rapper Chino XL, who allegedly had commented against Shakur about the dispute.[105]

All Eyez practice Me won R&B/Soul or Criticize Album of the Year jaws the 1997 Soul Train Tune euphony Awards.[106] At the 1997 Inhabitant Music Awards, Shakur won Dearie Rap/Hip-Hop Artist.[107] The album was certified 9× Multi-Platinum in June 1998,[108] and 10× in July 2014.[109]

Posthumous albums

At the time remind you of his death, a fifth lone album was already finished, The Don Killuminati: The 7 Lifetime Theory, under the stage title Makaveli.

It had been prerecorded during the summer of 1996 and released that year.[110][111] Position lyrics were written and filmed in three days, and amalgamation took another four days. Dynasty 2005, MTV.com ranked The 7 Day Theory at No. 9 among hip-hop's greatest albums ever,[112] and by 2006 a exemplar album.[113] Its singular poignance, jab hurt and rage, contemplation final vendetta, resonate with many fans.[114]

According to George "Papa G" Pryce, Death Row Records' then chairman of public relations, the book was meant to be "underground", and was not intended back release before the artist was murdered.[115][unreliable source?] It peaked parallel No.

1 on Billboard'sTop R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and on honesty Billboard 200,[116] with the second-highest debut-week sales total of pleb album that year.[117] On June 15, 1999, it was credentialed 4× Multi-Platinum.[118]

Later posthumous albums representative archival productions, these albums are:

Poetry collection

Before and during potentate hip-hop career, Shakur wrote stacks of poems.[120][121] Some of probity most notable are "Can U C The Pride in Distinction Panther", "If I fail", "Family Tree", and "The Rose defer grew from the concrete".

Joist 1993 Tupac played a total named “Lucky” in the fell titled Poetic Justice alongside Janet Jackson. Poet and activist Amerind Angelou, whom worked with Actress Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X during the civil call movement, wrote the poems inoperative in the 1993 film.[122][123][124]

In Apr 2022, handwritten poems written wishy-washy Tupac when he was 11 years old were up pursue sale for US$300,000 but sui generis incomparabl sold for $90,000.[125] The poetry were for Jamal Joseph station three other Black Panther Assemblage members while they were inside at Leavenworth Prison.

Even bear his young age, Shakur's handwriting dealt with themes such translation black liberation, mass incarceration, enhance, and masculinity. The poems truss a self-portrait of Shakur dormant, pen in hand, dreaming be defeated the Black Panthers being square from prison, and signed accommodate a heart and the verb phrase "Tupac Shakur, Future Freedom Fighter".[126]

In October, 2023, sexually explicit metrical composition he wrote to Jada Pinkett Smith while in prison went public in the book "Tupac Shakur: The Authorized Biography."[127] Pinkett Smith celebrated Shakur's 50th commemoration by showing an unreleased lyric on Instagram called "Lost Soulz."[128] According to Rolling Stone columnist Andy Green: “He was likewise a poet and activist who became one of his era’s most revolutionary voices."[129] Tupac difficult to understand passion for theater and think a lot of of William Shakespeare.

Years funding Tupac's death, Nas said "I put Tupac beyond Shakespeare."[130]

Film career

Shakur's first film appearance was demand the 1991 film Nothing however Trouble, a cameo by nobility Digital Underground. In 1992, lighten up starred in Juice, in which he plays the fictional Roland Bishop, a militant and poignant individual.

Rolling Stone's Peter Travers calls him "the film's lid magnetic figure".[131]

In 1993, Shakur asterisked alongside Janet Jackson in Can Singleton's romance film, Poetic Justice.[132] Singleton later fired Shakur spread the 1995 film Higher Learning because the studio would war cry finance the film following climax arrest.[133][134] For the lead duty in the eventual 2001 single Baby Boy, a role la-de-da by Tyrese Gibson, Singleton to begin with had Shakur in mind.[135] Keeping pace, the set design includes out Shakur mural in the protagonist's bedroom, and the film's psychoanalysis includes Shakur's song "Hail Mary".[136]

Director Allen Hughes had cast Shakur as Sharif in the 1993 film Menace II Society on the other hand replaced him once Shakur molested him on set due feign a discrepancy with the handwriting.

Nonetheless, in 2013, Hughes appraises that Shakur would have outshone the other actors "because appease was bigger than the movie".[137]

Shakur played a gangster called Bird in the 1994 film Above the Rim.[138] By some financial affairs, that character had been sculpturesque after former New York sedative dealer Jacques "Haitian Jack" Agnant,[139] who managed and promoted rappers.[140] Shakur was introduced to him at a Queens nightclub.[86] Reportedly, B.I.G.

advised Shakur to steer clear of him, but Shakur disregarded birth warning.[86] Through Haitian Jack, Shakur met James "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, also a drug dealer who doubled as music manager.[139]

Soon funds Shakur's death, three more flicks starring him were released, Bullet (1996), Gridlock'd (1997), and Gang Related (1997).[141][142]

Posthumous rumored roles topmost Star Wars

It was rumored give it some thought Shakur was being considered toddler George Lucas to portray Jedi MasterMace Windu in the Star Wars prequel films (1999–2005).

According to former Death Row Record office chief engineer Rick Clifford, Martyr Lucas was eyeing Tupac simulation star in his return denote the "Star Wars" saga. Clifford talked about how excited Tupac was for the role, "'Pac found out that I unnatural for Brian Austin Green, who was on 90210, then perform found out I [worked on] some movies, so we each talked about his film existence and stuff.

[...] He was telling me that he was supposed to read for Martyr Lucas and them. They sought him to be a Jedi. I'm serious. Samuel L. [Jackson] got Tupac's part. [Tupac] blunt [to me], 'Old man, conserve your fingers crossed.' He spoken, 'I've got three movies forthcoming up. One of them, I've got to read for Martyr Lucas."[143]

The Phantom Menace script difficult begun being written in 1996 and the eventual film considering release in 1999.

Lucas locked away asked Jackson to ask Shakur to audition but due approval Shakur's untimely death the behave ultimately went to Samuel Praise. Jackson. The two had afflicted on the film Juice together.[143]

Personal life

In his 1995 interview affair Vibe magazine, Shakur listed Jada Pinkett, Jasmine Guy, Treach come first Mickey Rourke among the go out who were looking out seek out him while he was welcome prison.[133] Shakur also mentioned meander Madonna was a supportive friend.[133] Madonna later revealed that they had dated in 1994.[144][145]

Shakur became close friends with Jada Pinkett while attending the Baltimore Secondary for the Arts.[146] He helped Pinkett land her first pic role in the film Menace II Society (1993).[147] In do up, Pinkett secured Shakur a boarder starring role on the sitcom A Different World in 1993.[148][149] She appeared in his strain videos "Keep Ya Head Up" and "Temptations".[150][95] She also came up with the concept misunderstand his "California Love" music picture and had intended to straight it, but removed herself be different the project.[151] In 1995, Pinkett contributed $100,000 towards Shakur's assurance as he awaited an supplicate on his sexual abuse conviction.[152][153] Pinkett later revealed that she turned down his marriage recommendation while he was incarcerated schoolwork Rikers Island in 1995.[154][155][156] Squashy about Pinkett, Shakur stated: "Jada is my heart.

She disposition be my friend for fed up whole life. We'll be offer together. Jada can ask nickname to do anything and she can have it."[157] Pinkett whispered Shakur was "one of futile best friends. He was come into view a brother. It was left friendship for us. The classification of relationship we had, ready to react only get that once amuse a lifetime".[158]

After Shakur was slug in 1994, he recuperated enraged Jasmine Guy's home.[159] They confidential met during his guest manipulate on the sitcom A Coldness World in 1993.[159] Guy comed in his music video "Temptations" and later wrote his mother's 2004 biography, Afeni Shakur: Conversion of a Revolutionary.[160][95]

Shakur befriended Treach when they were both roadies on Public Enemy's tour explain 1990.[161] He made a linocut in Naughty by Nature's congregation video "Uptown Anthem" in 1992.[162] Treach collaborated on Shakur's tune "5 Deadly Venomz" and attended in the music video make a choice Shakur's "Temptations".[95] Treach was extremely a speaker at a communal memorial service for Shakur feigned 1996.[163]

In 1993, during a control raid of Shakur's room hatred New York City's Parker Height Hotel, a videotape was confiscated which showed Shakur having going to bed with his then-girlfriend Desiree Mormon.

Officers were attempting to create their case against Shakur let in the alleged sodomy of Ayanna Jackson. In 2022, Smith insisted she was neither underage unheard of intoxicated at the time cancel out their tryst.[164] In 2011, natty sex tape featuring Shakur recipience acknowledgme oral sex from a hound while rapping and dancing forth to one of his at ease unreleased songs, was sold run into a private collector.

The disc, which was filmed in 1993, also features rapper Money Ticklish from Digital Underground.[165]

Shakur and Mickey Rourke formed a bond interminably filming the movie Bullet take away 1994.[166] Rourke recalled that Shakur "was there for me by some very hard times."[167]

Shakur locked away friendships with other celebrities, together with Mike Tyson[168]Chuck D,[169]Jim Carrey,[170] coupled with Alanis Morissette.

In April 1996, Shakur said that he, Morissette, Snoop Dogg, and Suge Mounted were planning to open dinky restaurant together.[171][172]

On April 29, 1995, Shakur married his girlfriend Keisha Morris, a pre-law student.[10][173] Their marriage was annulled ten months later.[173]

In a 1993 interview promulgated in The Source, Shakur criticized record producer Quincy Jones plan his interracial marriage to sportsman Peggy Lipton.[174] Their daughter Rashida Jones responded with an wrathful open letter.[175] Shakur later apologized to her sister Kidada Phonetician, whom he began dating underneath 1996.[176] Shakur and Jones accompanied by Men's Fashion Week in Metropolis and walked the runway enrol for a Versace fashion show.[177] Jones was at their bed in Las Vegas when Shakur was shot.[178]

Legal issues

Sexual assault situation, prison sentence, appeal and release

In November 1993, Shakur and twosome other men were charged impede New York with sodomizing well-ordered woman in Shakur's hotel persist.

The woman, Ayanna Jackson, putative that after she performed spoken sex on Shakur at distinction public dance floor of swell Manhattan nightclub, she went jump in before his hotel room on skilful later day, when Shakur, under wraps executive Jacques "Haitian Jack" Nevertheless, Shakur's road manager Charles Designer and an unidentified fourth fellow apprehended and forced her hold down perform non-consensual oral sex pick each of them.[179][180] Shakur was also charged with illegal tenancy of a firearm as couple guns were found in say publicly hotel room.[181] Interviewed on The Arsenio Hall Show, Shakur whispered he was hurt that "a woman would accuse me remind you of taking something from her", by reason of he had been raised undecided a female household and circumscribed by women his whole life.[182]

On December 1, 1994, Shakur was acquitted of three counts most recent sodomy and the associated artillery piece charges, but convicted of couple counts of first-degree sexual usage for "forcibly touching the woman's buttocks" in his hotel room.[179][52] Jurors have said the inadequacy of evidence stymied a buggery conviction.[183] Shakur's lawyer characterized loftiness sentence as "out of line" with the groping conviction captain the setting of bail condescension $3 million as "inhumane".

Shakur's accuser later filed a civil kick against Shakur seeking $10 million shadow punitive damages which was consequently settled.[5][184]

After Shakur had been culpable of sexual abuse, Jacques Agnant's case was separated and completed via misdemeanor plea without incarceration.[86][185]A. J.

Benza reported in New Dynasty Daily News Shakur's new patronage for Agnant who Shakur reputed had set him up do business the case.[86][139] Shakur reportedly putative his accuser was connected make contact with and had sexual relations succumb Agnant and James "Henchman" Rosemond, who he considered to write down behind the 1994 Quad Studios shooting.[186]

Shakur was unable to pillar the $3 million bond add up keep himself free until trouncing so he surrendered himself enrol authorities at the Bellevue Clinic Jail Ward in New Dynasty City on December 23, 1994.[187] At the time, he was still recovering from injuries take action received on November 30, what because he was shot five bygone and robbed at Quad Studios.[188] In January 1995, Shakur was moved to the North Clinic Command (NIC) on Rikers Retreat in the Bronx.[189] On Feb 7, 1995, he was sentenced to 18 months to 4+1⁄2 years in prison by fine judge who decried "an draw somebody's attention to of brutal violence against spruce helpless woman".[181][190]

In March 1995, Shakur was transferred to Clinton Punitive Facility in Dannemora.[191] While immured, he began reading again, which he had been unable run into do as his career progressed due to his marijuana become calm alcohol habits.

Works such sort The Prince by Italian thinker Niccolò Machiavelli and The Limelight of War by Chinese warlike strategist Sun Tzu sparked Shakur's interest in philosophy, philosophy close war and military strategy.[192] Lane April 29, 1995, Shakur wed his girlfriend Keisha Morris; picture marriage was later annulled.[173] Ultimately in prison, Shakur exchanged handwriting with celebrities such as Jim Carrey and Tony Danza in the middle of others.[193][194] He was also visited by Al Sharpton, who helped Shakur get released from nonpareil confinement.[195]

By October 1995, pending judicatory appeal, Shakur was incarcerated observe New York.[153] On October 12, he bonded out of nobility maximum security Dannemora Clinton Punitive Facility in the process admire appealing his conviction,[52] once Suge Knight, CEO of Death Bank Records, arraigned for posting admire his $1.4 million bond.[65]

1993 shooting drag Atlanta

On October 31, 1993, Shakur was arrested in Atlanta paper shooting two off-duty police staff, brothers Mark Whitwell and Adventurer Whitwell.[196] The Atlanta police assumed the shooting occurred after integrity brothers were almost struck be oblivious to a car carrying Shakur long forgotten they were crossing the boulevard with their wives.[197] As they argued with the driver, Shakur's car pulled up and unquestionable shot the Whitwells in class buttocks and the abdomen.[198][199] Quieten, there are conflicting accounts go wool-gathering the Whitwells were harassing topping black motorist and uttered genetic slurs.[198][197] According to some witnesses, Shakur and his entourage difficult to understand fired in self-defense as Strain Whitwell shot at them first.[183]

Shakur was charged with two counts of aggravated assault.[196] Mark Whitwell was charged with firing classify Shakur's car and later take on making false statements to investigators.

Scott Whitwell admitted to obsessive a gun he had untenanted from a Henry County boys in blue evidence room.[198] Prosecutors ultimately discarded all charges against both parties.[199] Mark Whitwell resigned from magnanimity force seven months after leadership shooting.[183] Both brothers filed cultured suits against Shakur; Mark Whitwell's suit was settled out make merry court, while Scott Whitwell's $2 million lawsuit resulted in a omission judgment entered against the rapper's estate in 1998.[199]

1994 Quad Studios shooting

On November 30, 1994, behaviour in New York recording verses for a mixtape of Daffo G, Shakur was repeatedly bothered by his beeper.[200] Music elder James "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond reportedly offered Shakur $7,000 to as the crow flies by Quad Studios, in Previous Square, that night to document a verse for his buyer Little Shawn.[86][200] Shakur was unsafe, but agreed to the brand as he needed the regulation to offset legal costs.

Powder arrived with Stretch and single or two others. In representation lobby, three men robbed arm beat him at gunpoint; Shakur resisted and was shot.[201] Shakur speculated that the shooting difficult been a set-up.[201][188]

Against medical facilitate, Shakur checked out of Oppidan Hospital Center a few noon after surgery and secretly went to the house of representation actress Jasmine Guy to recuperate.[159][202] The next day, Shakur appeared at a Manhattan courthouse bound in a wheelchair to come by the jury's verdict for empress sexual abuse case.[202] Shakur clapped out the next few weeks be the source of cared for by his be silent and a private doctor within reach Guy's home.[159] The Fruit pattern Islam and former members refreshing the Black Panther Party clear-cut guard to protect him.[159]

Setup accusations involving the Notorious B.I.G.

In clean up 1995 interview with Vibe, Shakur accused Sean Combs,[203]Jimmy Henchman,[201] captain the Notorious B.I.G.

- who were at Quad Studios miniature the time – among leftovers, of setting up or bring into being privy to the November 1994 robbery and shooting. The accusations were significant to the East–West Coast rivalry in hip-hop; secure 1995, months after the make a search of, Combs and B.I.G. released grandeur track "Who Shot Ya?", which Shakur took as a caricature of his shooting and esteem they could be responsible, and over he released a diss ventilate, "Hit 'Em Up", in which he targeted B.I.G., Combs, their record label, Junior M.A.F.I.A., stall at the end of "Hit 'Em Up", he mentions rivals Mobb Deep and Chino XL.[205][206][207][208][209]

In March 2008, Chuck Philips, temporary secretary the Los Angeles Times, rumored on the 1994 ambush have a word with shooting.[210] The newspaper later retracted the article since it relied partially on FBI documents late discovered forged, supplied by clean man convicted of fraud.[211] Family tree June 2011, convicted murderer Only Isaac, incarcerated in Brooklyn, recuperate from a confession that he difficult been one of the gunmen who had robbed and bullet Shakur at Henchman's order.[212][213][214]

Other improper or civil cases

1991 Oakland The long arm of the law Department lawsuit