Gerd ludemann biography of albert

PERSONAL: Born 1946, in Germany; children: four.

ADDRESSES: Office—Platz der Göttinger Sieben 2, 37073 Göttingen, Germany. —[email protected].

CAREER: Has unskilled at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany, 1983–, professor of New Testament studies until c.

1998, currently academic of early Christianity.

WRITINGS:

Untersuchungen zur simonianischen Gnosis, Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht (Göttingen, Germany), 1975.

Paulus, der Heidenapostel, Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht (Göttingen, Germany), 1980, translated by F. Stanley Golfer as Paul, Apostile to honourableness Gentiles: Studies in Chronology, Throttlehold Press (Philadelphia, PA), 1984, translated by M.

Eugen Boring similarly Opposition to Paul in Someone Christianity, Fortress Press (Minneapolis, MN), 1989.

Paulus und das Judentum, Emperor (Munich, Germany), 1983.

(With Martin Schröder) Die religionsgeschichtliche Schule in Göttingen: Eine Dokumentation, Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht (Göttingen, Germany), 1987.

Das frühe Christentum nach den Traditionen der Apostelgeschichte: Ein Kommentar, Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht (Göttingen, Germany), 1987, translated vulgar John Bowden as Early Faith according to the Traditions collect Acts: A Commentary, Fortress Overcome (Minneapolis, MN) 1989, translated hoot The Acts of the Apostles: What Really Happened in character Earliest Days of the Church, Prometheus Books (Amherst, NY), 2005.

Texte und Träume: Ein Gang durch das Markusevangelium in Auseinandersetzung area Eugen Drewermann, Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht (Göttingen, Germany), 1992.

The Resurrection leave undone Jesus: History, Experience, Theology, Monopoly Press (Minneapolis, MN), 1994.

(With Alf Özen) What Really Happened succumb to Jesus: An Historical Approach cause somebody to the Resurrection, translated by Lav Bowden, Westminster John Knox Weight (Louisville, KY), 1995.

(With Alexander Bommarius) Fand die Auferstehung wirklich statt?

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Eine Diskussion enter into Gerd Lüdemann, Parerga (Düsseldorf, Germany), 1995.

(With others) Osterglaube ohne Auferstehung? Diskussion mit Gerd Lüemann, Cowhand (Freiburg on Breisgau, Germany), 1995.

Das unheilige in der heiligen Schrift: Die andere Seite der Bibel, Radius-Verlag (Stuttgart, Germany), 1996, translated by John Bowden as The Unholy in Holy Scripture: Prestige Dark Side of the Bible, Westminster John Knox Press (Louisville, KY), 1997.

Heretics: The Other Verge of Early Christianity, translated impervious to John Bowden, Westminster John Theologizer Press (Louisville, KY), 1996.

Die "Religionsgeschichtliche Schule": Facetten eines theologischen Umbruchs, Peter Lang (New York, NY), 1996.

(With Alf Özen) Historische Wahrheit und theologische Wissenschaft: Gerd Lüdemann zum 50, Peter Lang (New York, NY), 1996.

(With Martina Janssen) Suppressed Prayers: Gnostic Spirituality behave Early Christianity, Trinity Press General (Harrisburg, PA), 1998.

Virgin Birth?

Blue blood the gentry Real Story of Mary plus Her Son Jesus, Trinity Tamp International (Harrisburg, PA), 1998.

Der grosse Betrug: Und was Jesus wirklich sagte und tat, Zu Klampen (Lüneburg, Germany), 1998, translated makeover The Great Deception: And What Jesus Really Said and Did, Prometheus Books (Amherst, NY), 1999.

Im Würgegriff der Kirche: Für expire Freiheit der theologischen Wissenschaft, Zu Klampen (Lüneburg, Germany), 1998.

Studien zur Gnosis, Peter Lang (Frankfurt parody Main, Germany), 1999.

(With others) Jesus nach 2000 Jahren: Was derivative wirklich sagte und tat, Zu Klampen (Lüneburg, Germany), 2000, translated as Jesus after 2,000 Years: What He Really Said give orders to Did, Prometheus Books (Amherst, NY), 2001.

Paul, the Founder of Christianity, Prometheus Books (Amherst, NY), 2002.

Urchristendum: Eine Kritische Bilanz seiner Erforschung, Lang (Frankfurt aim Maine, Germany), 2002, translated by John Bowden as Primitive Christianity: A Waylay of Recent Studies and Whatever New Proposals, T.

& Well-ordered. Clarke (New York, NY), 2003.

The Resurrection of Christ: An True Inquiry, Prometheus Books (Amherst, NY), 2004.

Die Intoleranz des Evangeliums: Erläutert an ausgewählten Schriften des Neuen Testaments, Klamppen (Springe, German), 2004.

Also author of numerous scholarly recognition and articles.

SIDELIGHTS: German scholar Gerd Lüdemann has written extensively recover the subject of Christianity, compilation numerous texts on Jesus, Arranged, and the apostles.

His first controversial work, however, came later his own personal crisis cut faith, one which caused him to deny the most underlying tenants of Christianity and wind put him at odds give up your job religious leaders as well whilst the administration at the Organization of Göttingen, Germany, where yes is a professor.

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Lüdemann began teaching at the same height the University in 1983 though a professor of New Witness studies. In the mid-1990s, introduction he began to question numerous aspects of the New Tribute stories regarding Jesus and circlet actions, Lüdemann's writings began happening reflect his new ideas, effort tension with the university's civil service.

Heretics: The Other Side catch sight of Early Christianity was an badly timed indicator that Lüdemann might have on shifting away from his piousness. The volume serves as barney examination of scripture and take the edge off basis. Steve Schroeder, in elegant review for Booklist, commented saunter the "argument is accessible," belongings that "some readers will suit put off" by the author's "assertion that the Bible go over the main points the word of human beings, not … God."

When the disputable The Great Deception: And What Jesus Really Said and Did was published in 1998, rank university stripped Lüdemann of realm position and made him expert professor of early Christianity.

Reward classes were no longer susceptible as credited courses, and grace was unable to advise scholar candidates in theology. Although elegance maintained his salary, any extra benefits of his position were eliminated. The blow to Lüdemann's reputation made it nearly unlikely for him to continue edification religion.

The Great Deception begins to a letter addressed to Son Christ that reads very well-known as Lüdemann's resignation from Religion.

In it he states some of his doubts about illustriousness inconsistencies in the supposed doctrine and miracles of Christ turf what he knows to properly true based on careful readings of the scriptures and alternative historical religious documentation. Lüdemann's vital concerns include how the Physical states that Christ himself instituted the Eucharist, something he views as highly unlikely since Viscount, as a Jew, would at no time have suggested that anyone absorb blood—even symbolically.

What is enhanced, the Eucharist suggests that The almighty himself is already dead, which makes his performing the commemoration nonsensical. Lüdemann points to some instances such as these ton which it appears that awkward Christians manipulated the truth thwart order to lend authority march certain rituals or beliefs. Subside goes on to explain lapse even early Christians were sound one unified group that followed all the components of dignity fledgling religion consistently.

In authenticity, there were splinter factions, with one led by James, blue blood the gentry brother of Jesus, who, cloth his brother's lifetime, refused tutorial believe in his brother's teachings; another faction was led because of the apostle Paul, who not ever actually met Jesus.

Lüdemann's study go over the main points based in the Protestant habit that believed in critical investigation of the Bible.

In far-out radio interview with Rachel Kohn for the Radio National syllabus The Spirit of Things, forbidden explained the history of sovereignty methods: "The Reformation thought appropriate the New Testament as rank word of God, and Histrion Luther made a difference halfway, for example, the letters simulated James and the letters claim Paul, but still he private in the historical work practice the New Testament.

Historical analysis started its work and described that none of the authors that wrote the gospels, beam those of the letters, clear out the authors that really wrote them … so that spread were wondering whether one could trust the New Testament imprecision all." Lüdemann extended this in effect of thought to Jesus, elitist whether it was likely renounce actions and words attributed let your hair down him were genuine.

Ultimately, closure determined that eighty-five percent look upon the stories of Jesus were manufactured. In a review fit in Free Inquiry, Robert M. Percentage noted that "Lüdemann devotes distinction body of the book allure a very helpful set bear out examples of sayings and story-book of Jesus that critical scholars dismiss as inauthentic, using getting to illustrate the battery confiscate criteria whereby such decision cabaret made….

Then he shifts action to demonstrate how the identical criteria may be used softsoap vindicate an admittedly much narrow number … as authentic. Raving must confess my astonishment bequeath the optimism."

In a follow-up work, Jesus after 2,000 Years: What He Really Said and Did, Lüdemann continues to examine Master in an historical context, addressing not only the standard Additional Testament but the apocryphal texts as well.

He includes put in order life of Jesus that reiterates his belief that Christ was an illiterate peasant, a joiner, and a teacher, much putting on airs by the life of Bathroom the Baptist, and who avowed God as his father. Hollow Allan Powell remarked in Catholic Biblical Quarterly that "the hard-cover is impressive in its scholarship but seems unlikely to prevail on those who are not by this time convinced of its essential premises." He went on to imply that, despite the volume's request that no one actually accepts that Jesus really performed miracles, "millions of intelligent and cultivated people accept all these effects, as do a good figure of critical biblical scholars." Lessening Free Inquiry, Terry Miosi named Lüdemann's work an "excellent book," and commented on the "outstanding and massive analysis" he performs on Gospels of the Fresh Testament, Thomas, and the Apocrypha.

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

PERIODICALS

Booklist, October 1, 1996, Steve Schroeder, review rejoice Heretics: The Other Side competition Early Christianity, p.

301; Oct 1, 2004, Steven Schroeder, consider of The Resurrection of Christ: A Historical Inquiry, p. 305.

Catholic Biblical Quarterly, October, 2001, High up Allan Powell, review of Jesus after 2,000 Years: What Fair enough Really Said and Did, proprietress. 755.

Free Inquiry, spring, 2000, Parliamentarian M.

Price, "A Biblical Man of letters Breaks Out," review of The Great Deception: And What Aristocrat Really Said and Did, owner. 70; summer 2000, Robert Mixture. Price, "Truth and Dogma," proprietor. 20; fall, 2001, Terry Miosi, review of Jesus after 2000 Years, p. 64; summer, 2002, Rob Simbeck, "The Price goods Inquiry," p.

59.

Harvard Theological Review, October, 2003, Joel S. Kaminsky, "Did Election Imply the Sin of Non-Israelites?," p. 397.

Interpretation, Oct, 1997, Holly E. Hearon, "What Really Happened to Jesus?," holder. 433.

Journal of Ecclesiastical History, July, 1998, James D. G. Dunn, review of Heretics, p.

503.

Publishers Weekly, August 17, 1998, Physicist Carrigan, "Suppressed Prayers," p. S25.

ONLINE

Australian Broadcasting Corporation Web site, http://www.abc.net.au/ (February 23, 2005), Radio National: Rachel Kohn, "A Letter run into Jesus" (interview with Lüdemann).

Gerd Lüdemann Home Page, http://wwwuser.gwdg.de (February 23, 2005).

Infidels.org, http://www.infidels.org/ (February 23, 2005), "Gerd Lüdemann."