Margaret macdonald mackintosh biography channel

British artist (1864–1933)

Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh
Born	Margaret Macdonald (1864-11-05)5 Nov 1864 Tipton, Staffordshire, England, United Kingdom
Died	7 January 1933(1933-01-07) (aged 68) Chelsea, London, Unified Kingdom
Nationality	British
Education	Glasgow School of Art
Known for	Decorative Study, Design, Art
Movement	Art Nouveau, Glasgow Accept, Symbolism
Spouse	Charles Rennie Mackintosh

Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh (5 November 1864 – 7 January 1933) was a Island artist who worked in Scotland, and whose design work became one of the defining character of the Glasgow Style by the 1890s to 1900s.

Biography

Born Margaret Macdonald, at Tipton,^[1]Staffordshire halfway Birmingham and Wolverhampton, her ecclesiastic was a colliery manager subject engineer. Margaret and her previous sister Frances both attended nobleness Orme Girls' School, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire; their names are recorded direct the school register.^[2] In depiction 1881 census Margaret, aged 16, was a visitor at else's house on census night-time and was listed as adroit scholar.^[3] By 1890, the descendants had settled in Glasgow scold Margaret and her sister, Frances Macdonald, enrolled as day rank at the Glasgow School atlas Art studying courses in design.^[4] There, she worked with neat as a pin variety of media, including shaping, embroidery, and textiles.

Additionally, she joined other groups, such monkey the Scottish Society of Linn Painters in 1898.^[5]

She began collaborating with her sister Frances, streak in 1896 the pair distressed from their studio at 128 Hope Street, Glasgow, where they produced book illustrations, embroidery, gesso panels, leaded glass and repoussé metalwork.^[6] Their innovative work was inspired by Celtic imagery, belleslettres, symbolism, and folklore.^[7] Margaret succeeding collaborated with her husband, depiction architect and designer Charles Rennie Mackintosh, whom she married bandage 22 August 1900.^[8] Her overbearing well-known works are the gesso panels made for interiors deliberate with Charles, such as tearooms and private residences.

Charles Rennie Mackintosh is frequently claimed unearth be Scotland's most famous planner author. Margaret Macdonald Mackintosh was slightly marginalised in comparison.^[7] Yet she was celebrated in her ahead by many of her lords and ladies, including her husband who formerly wrote in a letter interrupt her, "Remember, you are section if not three-quarters in manual labor my architectural work ...";^[9] and reportedly "Margaret has genius, I scheme only talent."^[10]

Active and recognised through her career, between 1895 reprove 1924 she contributed to finer than 40 European and Indweller exhibitions.^[7] Poor health cut reduced Margaret's career and, as backwoods as is known, she result as a be revealed no work after 1921.^[11] She died in 1933.^[12]

The Glasgow Four

It is unclear exactly when high-mindedness Macdonald sisters met Charles Rennie Mackintosh and his friend/colleague Musician MacNair, but they probably reduce around 1892 at the City School of Art (Mackintosh cranium MacNair were studying as superficial students), introduced by the Gourd Francis Newbery because he accepted that they were working populate similar styles.^[13] By 1894, they were showing their work mount in student exhibitions, some good buy which was made collaboratively.

Greeting of the work was assorted, and it was commented go off at a tangent the gaunt, linear forms perceive the Macdonald sisters' artwork – clearly showing the influence sell like hot cakes Aubrey Beardsley – were 'ghoulish' and earned them the big cheese 'The Spook School'.^[14] They became known locally as "The Four".^[13]

Most collaborative work in the Nineties was with her sister, addition following the opening of their studio in 1896.

Some workshop canon were made by both count, while others were series advance works, such as a decay of four paintings with repoussé frames on the seasons situation each two works on illustriousness theme. They also created trig set of illustrations for William Morris' Defence of Guenevere wander was recently re-discovered in smart special collections of the Establishing at Buffalo.^[15]

She created several boss interior schemes with her deposit, including work at the building block of her brother Charles separate Dunglass.

Many of these were executed at the early excellence of the 20th century; good turn include the Rose Boudoir rest the International Exhibition at Metropolis in 1903, the designs weekly House for an Art Buff in 1900, and the Tree Tearooms in 1902. She ostensible with Mackintosh at the 1900 Vienna Secession, where she was an influence on the SecessionistsGustav Klimt and Josef Hoffmann.

They continued to be popular spiky the Viennese art scene, both exhibiting at the Viennese Worldwide Art Exhibit in 1909.^[16]

In 1902, the couple received a superior Viennese commission: Fritz Waerndorfer, dignity initial financer of the Frank Werkstätte, was building a novel villa outside Vienna showcasing nobleness work of many local architects.

Hoffmann and Koloman Moser were already designing two of untruthfulness rooms; he invited the Mackintoshes to design the music scope. That room was decorated pick out panels of Margaret's art: rank Opera of the Winds, class Opera of the Seas, at an earlier time the Seven Princesses, a different wall-sized triptych considered by dire to be her finest work.^[17] This collaboration was described by means of contemporary critic Amelia Levetus whilst "perhaps their greatest work, rag they were allowed perfectly uncomplicated scope".^[18]

Inspiration and style

Mackintosh did beg for keep sketchbooks, which reflects shrewd reliance on imagination rather prior to on nature.^[19] A few holdings provided significant inspiration for other works, including the Bible, honesty Odyssey, poems by Morris existing Rossetti, and the works slant Maurice Maeterlinck.^[19] Her works, onward with those works of need often collaborating sister, defied go backward contemporaries' conceptions of art.

Gleeson White wrote, "With a nicely innocent air these two sisters disclaim any attempt to concede that Egyptian decoration has affectionate them specially. 'We have thumb basis.' Nor do they nearing any theory."^[19]

The beginning of coffee break artistic career reflects broad strokes of experimentation.

Largely drawing suffer the loss of her imagination, she reinterpreted customary themes, allegories, and symbols domestic inventive ways.^[20] For instance, without delay following the 1896 opening stand for her Glasgow studio with make more attractive sister, she transformed broad gist such as "Time" and "Summer" into highly stylized human forms.^[21] Many of her works bring in muted natural tones, elongated in one`s birthday suit human forms, and a refined interplay between geometric and unaffected motifs.

Above all, her designs demonstrated a type of inventiveness that distinguishes her from time away artists of her time.^[22]

Popular work

Mackintosh and her husband Charles were part of the popular gesso revival, their gesso panels were shown at the eighth luminous of the Vienna Secession regulate 1900.

The Mackintosh-Macdonald interior designs exhibited in 1900 with their restricted colour palettes and tailor-made benches had an immediate bearing on contemporary tastes, as birth interior architecture was less wasteful than earlier designs.^[23]

Her gesso panels are now on display imprison the Kelvingrove Museum in City. The 2017–18 restoration of Honesty Willow Tearooms building has overlook a recreation of "Oh cleave to, all ye that walk guarantee Willowwood" installed in the latest location within the Room bet on Luxe.

Her grandest work pump up the Seven Princesses, three wall-sized gesso panels showing a aspect from a play by probity same name, by Maurice Playwright. This work was extremely common in Vienna and its local art scene. When the Waerndorfer villa was sold in 1916, it disappeared from public belief for a long time.

Propitious 1990, it was rediscovered pulse a crate in the construct of the Museum of Going Arts in Vienna. The gesso panels are now on everlasting display in the city.^[24]

In 2008, her 1902 work The Pallid Rose and the Red Rose was auctioned for £1.7 million ($3.3 million).^[25]

Gallery

• Winter, 1898.

• The May Queen, 1900.^[26]

• Embroidered panels, 1902.

• White Rose And Red Rose, 1902.

• Oh ye, all ye think about it walk in Willowwood, 1903.

• Opera unconscious the Winds, 1903.

• Seven Princesses, 1907

• Ophelia, 1908.

• The Mysterious Garden, 1911.

• The Theatre of the Seas, 1915.

• La mort parfumée, 1921.

• Menu card design, 1911.

• The Room de Luxe at rank Willow Tearooms.

References

External links